James C. Scott is the Eugene Meyer Professor of Political Science and Anthropology at Yale University and current president of the Association of Asian Studies. He is the author of Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance, Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcripts, and The Moral Economy of the Peasant: Rebellion and Subsistence in Southeast Asia, all published by Yale University Press.
Compulsory "ujamaa" villages in Tanzania, collectivization in Russia, Le Corbusier's urban planning theory realized in Brasilia, the Great Leap Forward in China, agricultural "modernization" in the Tropics - the 20th century has been racked by grand utopian schemes that have inadvertently brought death and disruption to millions. Why do well-intentioned plans for improving the human condition go tragically awry? In this wide-ranging book, James C. Scott analyzes failed cases of large-scale authoritarian plans in a variety of fields. Centrally managed social plans misfire, Scott argues, when they impose schematic visions that do violence to complex interdependencies that are not, and cannot be, fully understood. Further, the success of designs for social organization depends upon the recognition that local, practical knowledge is as important as formal, epistemic knowledge. The author builds a case against "development theory" and imperialistic state planning that disregards the values, desires and objections of its subjects.
He identifies and discusses four conditions common to all planning disasters: administrative ordering of nature and society by the state; a "high-modernist ideology" that places confidence in the ability of human life; a willingness to use authoritarian state power to effect large-scale interventions; and a prostate civil society that cannot effectively resist such plans.
读《国家的视角》后 耶鲁大学的政治学和人类学教授James C.Scott的《国家的视角》一书,曾在十多年前被同事、同仁屡屡提起,彼时我还是一个NGO(公益组织)的一名专职员工,然而直到如今我才把这本书读完。读完之后,也刚好应了那句话:知识与实践刚好相结合起来。作为曾经在NG...
评分过去的一个世纪,是生产力极大发展的一个世纪,然而,它又是血泪斑斑的一个世纪。 平心静气地盘点一下,我们就会发现,在这一百年中,人类拥有了惊人的能力,我们创造了比过去几千年加起来还要多的财富,然而,我们也制造了比过去几千年加起来还要多的悲剧。 铁是文明的源头...
评分读斯科特《国家的视角》一书,特别是将这本书翻译出来以后,觉得有很多话想说,但是犹豫了很久,因为一直没有理清思路,怕话说不清楚,也就一直没有说。其实最开始吸引我的是这本书的副标题《那些试图改善人类状况的项目是如何失败的》,因为这个副标题至少在两个方面引起了我...
评分杨荷:预期之外的复杂-评《国家的视角》 “我在头脑里建造一座样板城市,可以按照她来演变出所有可能的城市来,”忽必烈说,“她包含一切符合常规的东西。鉴于现有的城市都或多或少偏离常规,我就只须预先料想到常规的种种例外,便能计算出它们最可能的组合形式来。” ...
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评分斯科特是个十分敏锐的家伙
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