小天体撞击与古环境灾变-新生代六次撞击事件的研究

小天体撞击与古环境灾变-新生代六次撞击事件的研究 pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2026

出版者:湖北科学技术出版社
作者:欧阳自远
出品人:
页数:0
译者:
出版时间:1997-12-01
价格:23.0
装帧:
isbn号码:9787535218056
丛书系列:
图书标签:
  • 小天体撞击
  • 古环境灾变
  • 新生代
  • 撞击事件
  • 地质学
  • 古生物学
  • 灾变学
  • 地球科学
  • 环境地质
  • 陨石撞击
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好的,这是一份关于“小天体撞击与古环境灾变——新生代六次撞击事件的研究”的图书简介,内容详实且风格自然: --- 图书名称:小天体撞击与古环境灾变——新生代六次撞击事件的研究 图书简介 本书深入探讨了新生代以来地球所经历的六次主要小天体撞击事件及其对全球古环境产生的深远影响。不同于以往侧重于单一事件的传统研究模式,本书构建了一个跨越数千万年的宏大时间尺度,系统梳理了这些撞击事件的发生机制、物质证据、环境响应以及对生物演化的潜在驱动作用。 研究背景与核心关注点 小天体撞击是地球历史中一种突发性的、高能量的地质事件,其影响可以瞬间改变地貌格局、气候系统乃至生物圈的结构。新生代(始于约6600万年前)是地球生命史上的一个关键时期,见证了恐龙时代的终结和哺乳动物的崛起。在此期间发生的撞击事件,虽然规模不一,但每一次都对当时的生态系统构成了严峻的考验。 本书的研究核心聚焦于识别、定年和重建这六次被认为具有显著环境效应的撞击事件。我们采用了多学科交叉的研究方法,整合了地质学、地球化学、古生物学和气候模拟的最新成果,旨在描绘出一幅全面而细致的撞击——灾变——适应的演化图景。 新生代六次撞击事件的系统分析 全书分为若干章节,逐一剖析了这六次关键的撞击事件: 第一部分:撞击的地球物理与地球化学印记 我们首先建立了一个理论框架,阐述小天体撞击的物理过程,包括撞击坑的形成、撞击熔融物的产生以及撞击引发的地震、海啸和物质抛射。重点介绍了区分撞击事件的关键地球化学指标,例如铱异常(Ir-anomaly)、冲击石英、微球粒以及撞击熔融物质(Spherules)的矿物学特征。这些指标是我们在全球地层记录中识别撞击层(Impact Layer)的主要依据。 第二部分:关键撞击事件的案例研究 事件一至三:古近纪早期的剧烈震荡 我们详细考察了新生代早期(古近纪)发生的几次高能撞击事件。虽然其中一些事件的规模可能远小于K-Pg(白垩纪-古近纪)界线事件,但它们在短时间内对区域甚至全球气候产生了显著的扰动。研究聚焦于撞击后形成的沉积物序列,分析了撞击烟尘层对光合作用的抑制作用,以及随后的温室效应或快速降温事件。 事件四与五:始新世-渐新世过渡期的气候转折 始新世-渐新世的转变是地质历史上重要的气候转折点,冰盖的形成标志着地球进入相对凉爽的“冰室”状态。本书提出了新的证据,表明在此期间发生的中等规模撞击事件可能与区域性植被更迭和海洋酸化事件存在时间上的耦合关系。我们对比了不同地理位置的微体化石记录,以揭示撞击引发的海洋生态系统重组。 事件六:更晚期相对“温和”的撞击事件 针对新生代晚期(上新世-第四纪)发现的撞击证据,本书采取了更为审慎的态度。这些事件的证据链相对薄弱,但其时间点与某些区域性的生物区系变动和气候波动相吻合。研究深入探讨了这些较小规模撞击对冰期旋回和现代生物多样性形成过程的边际贡献。 第三部分:撞击对古环境和生物演化的耦合效应 本书的另一核心贡献在于将撞击事件置于更广阔的古环境背景下考察。我们分析了撞击事件如何与已有的构造运动、火山喷发事件以及米兰科维奇旋回(Milankovitch Cycles)相互作用,形成复合型环境压力。 气候反馈机制: 撞击是否仅仅是瞬时扰动?我们探讨了撞击后大气成分的长期变化(如水蒸气、氮氧化物、二氧化碳的释放)如何驱动长达数十万年的气候漂移。 生态系统响应与适应: 通过对化石植物群和动物群的群落结构分析,我们重建了撞击后幸存物种的特征。例如,哪些生态位对瞬时灾变最敏感,哪些生物类群表现出更强的恢复力。 生物地理学意义: 某些撞击事件是否导致了物种的区域性灭绝或地理隔离,从而驱动了新的物种分化?本书结合古地理重建数据,探讨了撞击作为进化驱动力的可能性。 结论与展望 本书总结了新生代撞击事件对地球系统研究的重大意义,强调了精确测年技术(如高精度氩同位素定年)在区分撞击与同期其他地质事件的重要性。研究表明,尽管单次撞击的普遍性仍有待进一步确认,但系统性地研究这些事件群,有助于我们理解地球在应对外部冲击时表现出的复杂响应模式。本书为古气候学家、地质学家以及生命演化研究者提供了深入的参考资料和新的研究视角。 ---

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当我第一次看到《小天体撞击与古环境灾变——新生代六次撞击事件的研究》这个书名时,我 immediately felt a surge of curiosity. The juxtaposition of “small celestial bodies,” “ancient environmental catastrophes,” and the specific focus on “six impact events during the Cenozoic Era” promises a narrative that is both grand in scope and meticulously detailed. I envision a book that meticulously reconstructs the scenarios of these ancient collisions, moving beyond mere speculation to present robust scientific evidence. I’m particularly intrigued by the implication that these impacts, even if relatively small compared to planet-sterilizing events, were significant enough to trigger widespread environmental upheaval. What constitutes an “ancient environmental catastrophe” in this context? Was it a rapid cooling or warming trend, a dramatic shift in sea levels, or perhaps a widespread extinction event? The mention of six distinct events suggests a history punctuated by these cosmic interventions, and I’m eager to learn how the author has identified and dated these occurrences. I anticipate a deep dive into the geological signatures left behind – impact craters, shocked minerals, iridium anomalies – and how these clues are interpreted to understand the immediate and long-term consequences of each impact. This is not just about understanding past disasters; it’s about understanding how our planet’s environment has been shaped by external forces, offering crucial insights into Earth’s dynamic history and potentially informing our understanding of future risks.

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Upon encountering the title 《小天体撞击与古环境灾变——新生代六次撞击事件的研究》, my imagination immediately conjures a narrative of cosmic forces shaping terrestrial evolution. The term "small celestial bodies" suggests a level of precision in the research, focusing on impacts that, while not necessarily global annihilation events, were significant enough to trigger profound environmental disturbances. The "Cenozoic Era" is a vast canvas of time, encompassing the evolutionary journey from the aftermath of the dinosaur extinction to the dawn of human civilization. To pinpoint "six impact events" within this period signifies a rigorous selection process, highlighting those moments of significant cosmic intervention. I am deeply curious about the nature of these "ancient environmental catastrophes." What specific environmental changes are attributed to these impacts? Did they lead to dramatic climatic shifts, altered ocean chemistry, or widespread ecological collapse? The book's title implies a causal link, and I am eager to see how the author builds this argument, likely through an interdisciplinary approach that bridges astronomy, geology, paleontology, and climatology. I anticipate a detailed exploration of the evidence for each impact event, from the identification of impact structures and the analysis of impact-related materials to the reconstruction of paleoenvironmental conditions. This promises to be a journey into the dynamic interplay between our planet and the cosmos, offering a fresh perspective on the forces that have guided life's trajectory.

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《小天体撞击与古环境灾变——新生代六次撞击事件的研究》,这个书名本身就充满了吸引力,仿佛一扇通往地球深层秘密的窗户被缓缓推开。我常常在夜晚仰望星空,思考着宇宙的浩渺,以及地球在这宏大叙事中的位置。而这本书,则将这种思考具象化,聚焦于那些可能改变地球命运的“小天体”撞击事件。新生代,这个承载着我们祖先演化历程的时代,竟然发生了如此多次的“灾变”。我好奇作者是如何界定“灾变”的,是单纯的生物灭绝事件,还是更广泛的环境剧变,比如气候的急剧波动、海洋环境的改变,甚至是大范围的地质活动。书名中的“六次”更是点明了研究的重点,这六次事件在时间上的分布是怎样的?它们是否具有某种周期性,或者仅仅是随机发生的巧合?我期待书中能够详细介绍每一次撞击的证据链,从撞击坑的发现,到地层中异常的化学成分,再到古生物化石记录的变化。更重要的是,我希望能了解撞击与环境变化之间的因果关系,作者是如何通过严谨的科学分析,将二者紧密地联系起来的。这种跨学科的研究,融合了天文学、地质学、古生物学和古气候学,无疑将为我们提供一个更为全面和深刻的地球生命演化视角。

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这本书的名字听起来就充满了神秘感和宏大叙事的潜力——《小天体撞击与古环境灾变——新生代六次撞击事件的研究》。光是“小天体撞击”这几个字,就足以勾起我对宇宙深处未知力量的遐想,以及它们是否曾经悄无声息地改写过我们这颗蓝色星球的命运。而“古环境灾变”,更是直接触及了我内心深处对地球历史的敬畏和好奇。新生代,这个跨越了数千万年的漫长地质时期,涵盖了我们所熟悉的恐龙灭绝之后,直到现代人类的崛起,期间发生了多少惊心动魄的故事?书名里提到的“六次撞击事件”,更是明确指出了研究的核心,仿佛是六枚悬挂在时间长河上的利剑,每一次落下,都可能伴随着翻天覆地的变化。我迫不及待地想知道,作者将如何抽丝剥茧,从浩如烟海的地质记录和古生物化石中,找出这些“小天体”留下的蛛丝马迹?它们的大小、成分、撞击的地点和角度,以及最关键的,每一次撞击究竟是如何引发了全球性的环境巨变?是引发了大规模的火山喷发,还是遮天蔽日的尘埃导致了气候剧变?是造成了毁灭性的海啸,还是释放出剧毒的气体?这些问题在我脑海中盘旋,我期待着这本书能为我一一解答,让我能够以一种全新的视角,去理解地球生命演化的曲折历程,以及宇宙在其中扮演的角色。这不仅仅是一本科学著作,更是一次穿越时空的探险,一场对生命韧性与脆弱性的深刻反思,一次对我们所居住星球的敬畏与臣服。

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The title, 《小天体撞击与古环境灾变——新生代六次撞击事件的研究》, immediately sparks a sense of intellectual intrigue and a desire to explore the profound connections between celestial mechanics and terrestrial evolution. The mention of "small celestial bodies" suggests a focused and detailed scientific investigation, moving beyond the grand narratives of extinction-level events to examine the subtler, yet still significant, impacts that have shaped our planet's history. The "Cenozoic Era," a vast and transformative period in Earth's development, serves as the stage for these events. The precise identification of "six impact events" within this timeframe indicates a rigorous selection process, highlighting those moments of cosmic interaction that left a discernible mark on the planet's environment. I am particularly captivated by the concept of "ancient environmental catastrophes." What were these catastrophes? Were they characterized by rapid climatic shifts, drastic changes in atmospheric composition, or widespread geological upheaval? The title strongly implies a causal relationship between these impacts and the subsequent environmental crises. I look forward to a thorough exposition of the scientific evidence that underpins this assertion, likely drawing from a multidisciplinary approach that integrates data from astronomy, geology, paleontology, and climatology. This research promises to offer a compelling narrative of how external forces have influenced the course of Earth's environmental and biological history, providing a valuable perspective on the planet's dynamic past.

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这本书的封面设计,虽然我还没有实际看到,但光凭名字《小天体撞击与古环境灾变——新生代六次撞击事件的研究》,我就能想象出它可能散发出的那种沉静而又充满力量的气息。也许是深邃的宇宙背景,点缀着遥远而闪烁的星辰,又或是某种代表撞击瞬间的抽象图形,比如一道划破天际的亮线,或是地球表面被撕裂的痕迹。而“新生代六次撞击事件”这个关键词,则让我联想到一系列连续性的、具有决定性意义的节点。地球的历史并非一帆风顺,而是充满了起伏和转折,而这些撞击事件,很可能就是其中最戏剧性的转折点。我特别好奇作者是如何界定这“六次”撞击的,它们之间是否存在某种关联,或者说,是否构成了一个更宏大的宇宙事件序列?每一次撞击的规模有多大?是导致物种大灭绝的“灭顶之灾”,还是仅仅引起了区域性的生态扰动?我希望书中能够详细介绍每一次撞击的证据,比如在特定地层中发现的撞击角砾岩、冲击石英、以及来自地外物质的铱异常等等。同时,我也非常关心这些撞击事件对古环境造成的具体影响。究竟是长期的气候变化,还是突如其来的地质灾害?它们是如何影响了当时的生物圈,又如何为后来物种的演化提供了新的“舞台”?我期待书中能够用严谨的科学语言,配合精美的图表和数据,为我呈现一个既宏大又细致的地球演化画卷。

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The title, 《小天体撞击与古环境灾变——新生代六次撞击事件的研究》, evokes a sense of intellectual pursuit rooted in deep time and cosmic influence. It speaks to a scientific endeavor that seeks to unravel the intricate tapestry of Earth's past, where celestial visitors played a pivotal role in sculpting its environments and, by extension, its life forms. The phrase "small celestial bodies" hints at a nuanced investigation, focusing not on the extinction-level events that might dominate popular imagination, but on impacts of a scale that caused profound, yet perhaps less immediately obvious, environmental shifts. The "Cenozoic Era" situates this research within a crucial period of Earth's history, marked by the rise of mammals and the eventual emergence of humans. The specific mention of "six impact events" provides a concrete framework for the research, suggesting a focused and systematic analysis of these critical junctures. I am particularly drawn to the idea of "ancient environmental catastrophes." What were these catastrophes like? Were they sudden and violent, leading to mass extinctions, or slow and insidious, gradually altering ecosystems over millennia? I expect the book to delve into the geological evidence that underpins these claims – the specific locations of impact sites, the composition of impact ejecta, and the paleoenvironmental proxies that record the subsequent climatic and ecological changes. The challenge for the author must be immense: to connect the dots between cosmic arrivals and terrestrial transformations with scientific rigor.

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读到《小天体撞击与古环境灾变——新生代六次撞击事件的研究》这个书名,我脑海里立刻浮现出史诗般的画面。想象一下,在数千万年前的新生代,地球并非我们现在所见的这般平静。头顶的天空,不时有闪耀着寒光的“小天体”划过,它们拖曳着长长的尾迹,带着宇宙深处的冷峻,奔向这颗脆弱的星球。每一次撞击,都是一次天崩地裂的洗礼,一次对既有生命秩序的彻底颠覆。作者的研究,如同在时间的迷雾中点亮了一盏盏探照灯,照亮了那六次至关重要的撞击事件。我迫切想知道,作者是如何挑选出这“六次”事件的?是否意味着在新生代,撞击的频率相对较高,或者说,这六次撞击的影响尤为显著,以至于能够被清晰地记录在地质层中?我对撞击的“小”字也颇感兴趣,这是否意味着作者研究的重点在于那些不足以彻底毁灭地球,但足以引发局部或全球性环境巨变的撞击?这种“小”反而可能更具研究价值,因为它们可能更微妙,需要更精湛的科学手段才能捕捉其踪迹和影响。我希望书中能够深入剖析每一次撞击的具体过程,从天体的来袭,到撞击点的选择,再到撞击所产生的直接和间接效应。例如,撞击引发的地震、海啸、大规模火灾,以及撞击尘埃遮蔽阳光,导致全球气温骤降,进而引发的生物大灭绝。这些细节,无疑将构成一本引人入胜的地球灾难史。

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Reading the title 《小天体撞击与古环境灾变——新生代六次撞击事件的研究》, my mind immediately fills with visions of a dynamic Earth, constantly interacting with the vastness of space. The phrase "small celestial bodies" is particularly alluring, hinting at a nuanced exploration of impacts that, while perhaps not world-ending, were capable of triggering significant environmental shifts. The "Cenozoic Era," a period spanning millions of years and encompassing the evolution of numerous key life forms, provides a rich context for this study. The specific mention of "six impact events" suggests a focused and evidence-based approach, aiming to highlight the most consequential of these cosmic encounters. I am fascinated by the idea of "ancient environmental catastrophes." What characterized these events? Was it sudden climate change, large-scale ecological disruption, or perhaps accelerated evolutionary processes? The title implies a direct link between celestial impacts and these terrestrial disasters, and I am eager to delve into the scientific reasoning that supports this connection. I anticipate a detailed examination of geological evidence, such as impact craters, shock metamorphic minerals, and geochemical anomalies, alongside paleontological records that document changes in biodiversity and ecosystem structure. This book promises to illuminate a crucial, yet often overlooked, aspect of Earth's history, revealing how cosmic interventions have played a role in shaping the planet's environments and the evolution of life.

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The title 《小天体撞击与古环境灾变——新生代六次撞击事件的研究》 immediately signals a departure from conventional historical narratives. It promises a journey into the deep past, guided by the silent, yet powerful, influence of celestial bodies. The term "small celestial bodies" is particularly intriguing. It suggests a focus on impacts that might not have been cataclysmic enough to wipe the slate clean entirely, but rather were significant enough to instigate profound environmental changes, perhaps leading to extinctions or evolutionary radiations of specific groups. The "Cenozoic Era," a period of immense evolutionary innovation, serves as the backdrop for this research. The identification of "six impact events" within this span implies a structured and systematic investigation, suggesting that these occurrences were not isolated incidents but rather key moments that punctuated the era's environmental history. I'm eager to understand the author's methodology in identifying and characterizing these events. What kinds of geological and paleontological evidence are presented to support the claims of impact and subsequent catastrophe? The concept of "ancient environmental catastrophes" itself is compelling. What did these catastrophes entail? Were they characterized by rapid climatic shifts, widespread volcanic activity triggered by the impacts, or significant changes in ocean dynamics? This research appears to be a meticulous reconstruction of moments when the Earth's environment was dramatically altered by external forces, offering a unique perspective on the resilience and adaptability of life.

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