In "An Essay Concerning Human Understanding", first published in 1690, John Locke (1632-1704) provides a complete account of how we acquire everyday, mathematical, natural scientific, religious and ethical knowledge. Rejecting the theory that some knowledge is innate in us, Locke argues that it derives from sense perceptions and experience, as analysed and developed by reason. While defending these central claims with vigorous common sense, Locke offers many incidental - and highly influential - reflections on space and time, meaning, free will and personal identity. The result is a powerful, pioneering work, which, together with Descartes' works, largely set the agenda for modern philosophy.
1、知识的起源、范围、可靠性 没有所谓的天赋,人类的心灵就像一块白板,经验生活角度生活决定认识事物的方式方法。经验变成观念,观念上再去考察叫作反省。 2、凝性 白板上的观念是凝固,擦不掉的(心中经验总是擦不掉的) 凝性变成了外在的一种给予,而不是内在的领悟 。 (...
评分首先是翻译问题,关文运译的哲学书我看过几本,无不生涩拗口。我觉得傅雷、何兆武、王太庆、谢显宁、管震湖等人翻译得好。自己能看英文原著真的很重要。 书中谈论的问题太过宽泛,这点看目录就能知道。而且每一个点的论述都长篇累赎,笛卡尔的书在90页到200页左右,罗素的书在1...
评分看杰瑞.马克汉姆的美国金融史,里面提到王室非洲公司取得从非洲向西班牙殖民地运送奴隶的垄断权,开始了大规模从非洲向美洲贩卖黑奴,哲学家约翰.洛克就是成员之一。然后我好奇查了一下,这人竟是天赋人权的首提者,平等自由的美国精神的启蒙者,在他眼里,黑人不是人吗?或者...
评分洛克是個審慎的經驗主義者,他在理性主義和經驗主義之間保持著適度的平衡,是個理性和經驗的調和論者。但洛克的這種做法並不能真正協調理性主義和經驗主義兩種認識論之間的根本對立,因而引起了理性主義者和經驗主義者的一致不滿。為此,萊布尼茨寫著《人類理解新論》,...
评分Book I. No Innate Principles Book I of theEssayis devoted to an attack onnativismor the doctrine of innate ideas. The doctrine ofinnate ideas, which was widely held to justify religious and moral claims, had its origins in the philosophy ofPlato. Furthermor...
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