The New Cambridge Medieval History, Vol. 4 在线电子书 图书标签: 中世纪 hardisk
发表于2024-12-29
The New Cambridge Medieval History, Vol. 4 在线电子书 pdf 下载 txt下载 epub 下载 mobi 下载 2024
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The fourth volume of The New Cambridge Medieval History covers the eleventh and twelfth centuries, which comprised perhaps the most dynamic period in the European middle ages. This is a history of Europe, but the continent is interpreted widely to include the Near East and North Africa as well. The volume is divided into two parts of which this, the first, deals with themes, ecclesiastical and secular, and major developments in an age marked by the expansion of population, agriculture, trade, towns and the frontiers of western society; by a radical reform of the structure and institutions of the western church, and by fundamental changes in relationships with the eastern churches, Byzantium, Islam and the Jews; by the appearance of new kingdoms and states, and by the development of crusades, knighthood and law, Latin and vernacular literature, Romanesque and Gothic art and architecture, heresies and the scholastic movement.
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The New Cambridge Medieval History, Vol. 4 在线电子书 pdf 下载 txt下载 epub 下载 mobi 下载 2024