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出版者:Asian Humanities Pr

作者:Franklin Edgerton

出品人:

页数:0

译者:

出版时间:1985-8-1

价格:USD 66.00

装帧:Hardcover

isbn号码:9780895811806

丛书系列:

图书标签:

梵文
Sanskrit
Buddhism
梵语
工具书
印度
佛教
佛学
Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit
Sanskrit Grammar
Pali
Buddhist Studies
Linguistics
Dictionary
Indology
Philology
Historical Linguistics
Buddhism

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具体描述

This is a pioneering work dealing with the description of the grammar and the lexicon of Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit (BHS). Most of the Buddhist texts available in north India are based on it. It is based primarily on an old Middle Indic vernacular not otherwise identifiable. It contains features which were borrowed from other Middle Indic dialects either originally or in the course of historic development or both. In other words, even its Middle Indic aspects are dialectically somewhat mixed. However, Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit (BHS) was also influenced extensively by Sanskrit from the very beginning of the tradition as it has been transmitted to us and increasingly as time went on. Later many products of this tradition have often, though wrongly been called "Sanskrit" without any bearing.

The most striking peculiarity of this language is that from the very beginning of its tradition it was modified in the direction of standard Sanskrit, while still retaining evidences of its Middle Indic origin, in all its texts, even the oldest, as shown by our manuscripts and editions.

Sanskritisms are constantly presented cheek by jowl with Middle Indic forms, and often with hybrids which strictly are neither one or other. These Sanskritisms are much too common to be comparable with stray Sanskrit loan words or loan forms which may have been occasionally adopted in many genuine Middle Indic vernacular.

The author has excluded from the grammar and dictionary all forms which are standard Sanskrit, and all words which are used in standard Sanskrit with the same meanings.

Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit, a linguistic bridge between classical Sanskrit and the vernacular languages of ancient India, offers a unique window into the transmission and evolution of Buddhist thought. This language, characterized by its admixture of Sanskrit vocabulary and grammatical structures with elements drawn from Prakrits and other regional dialects, served as the primary vehicle for the dissemination of Mahayana Buddhist scriptures for centuries. Understanding Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit is therefore crucial for anyone seeking a deeper comprehension of the vast and influential body of Buddhist literature. This volume embarks on a comprehensive exploration of Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit, aiming to equip readers with the linguistic tools necessary to navigate its complexities. It delves into the grammatical intricacies that distinguish it from classical Sanskrit, carefully dissecting deviations in verb conjugation, noun declension, and sentence construction. Through detailed explanations and illustrative examples drawn from seminal Buddhist texts, the book clarifies the characteristic features that define this hybrid tongue. Beyond grammar, the dictionary component provides an indispensable resource for deciphering the lexicon of Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit. It meticulously lists and defines key terms, tracing their etymological roots and contextual usage within Buddhist philosophical discourse. The dictionary goes beyond mere translation, aiming to illuminate the nuanced meanings that these terms acquire within the specific framework of Buddhist thought. By understanding the specific connotations and philosophical weight attached to particular words, readers can gain a more profound appreciation of the sutras, shastras, and commentaries composed in this language. The study of Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit is not merely an academic exercise; it is a journey into the heart of Buddhist philosophy and history. The texts written in this language represent the intellectual outpouring of a vibrant tradition that shaped the spiritual landscape of Asia. From the foundational Mahayana sutras that expound upon emptiness, compassion, and the nature of Buddhahood, to the extensive commentaries that elaborate upon these doctrines, this linguistic corpus is of immense scholarly and spiritual significance. This book serves as a gateway to that rich intellectual heritage. It is designed for a diverse audience, including scholars of Buddhism, Sanskritists, linguists, and anyone interested in the historical development of religious texts. For those already familiar with classical Sanskrit, it offers a clear and systematic guide to the variations encountered in Buddhist literature. For those approaching Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit for the first time, it provides a foundational understanding, building from fundamental principles to more complex linguistic phenomena. The grammatical section meticulously examines the morphology and syntax of Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit. It highlights common variations in the formation of verbal roots, the inflections of nominals, and the usage of postpositions and particles that deviate from standard Sanskrit grammar. Specific attention is paid to the influence of Prakritic phonology and morphology on the language, demonstrating how regional vernaculars contributed to its distinct character. The explanations are clear, concise, and supported by a wealth of carefully selected textual examples, allowing readers to see these grammatical principles in action. The book prioritizes clarity, ensuring that even readers with limited prior knowledge of Sanskrit linguistics can grasp the concepts presented. The dictionary portion is a meticulously compiled compendium of frequently encountered vocabulary. Each entry provides the Sanskrit equivalent, its phonetic transliteration, and a detailed definition that takes into account its specific Buddhist context. The etymology of words is explored, revealing how Sanskrit terms were adapted, reinterpreted, or combined with other linguistic elements to express novel philosophical concepts. The dictionary also notes instances where a word might carry a subtly different meaning or emphasis compared to its classical Sanskrit counterpart. This careful attention to semantic nuance is essential for accurate interpretation of Buddhist texts. Furthermore, the book acknowledges the dynamic nature of Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit, recognizing that its usage and features evolved over time and across different geographical regions. While a generalized grammar and dictionary are presented, the underlying principle of linguistic adaptation and innovation is implicitly understood. The focus remains on providing a robust and accessible framework for engaging with the majority of texts within this corpus. The importance of this linguistic study cannot be overstated. The ability to read Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit opens up direct access to primary source materials, bypassing the potential biases or limitations of translations. It allows for a more nuanced understanding of the philosophical arguments, the devotional sentiments, and the practical guidance embedded within these ancient scriptures. For scholars, it facilitates original research and critical engagement with the historical development of Buddhist thought. For practitioners, it offers a deeper connection to the very words that have guided generations of Buddhists on their path. In essence, this volume aims to demystify Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit, presenting its complexities in a structured and approachable manner. It provides the essential grammatical knowledge and a comprehensive lexicon, empowering readers to confidently engage with the rich tapestry of Buddhist literature written in this unique and historically significant language. The ultimate goal is to foster a deeper, more direct, and more profound understanding of the profound teachings and enduring legacy of Buddhism.

作者简介

目录信息

CONTENTS
Volume I: Grammar
List of Chapter
Preface
Bibliography and abbreviations
1.Introduction
2.Phonology, consonants
3.Phonology, vowels
4.Samdhi
5.Number
6.Gender
7.Case
8.a-stems
9.a-stems
10.I-stems with I- and in-stems
11.Feminines in -a and -I
12.u and u-stems
13.r-stems
14.Diphthongal stems
15.Consonant stems
16.s-stems
17.n-stems
18.nt-stems
19.Numerals
20.Personal Pronoun
21.Generic Pronoun
22.Noun suffix
23.Noun and verb compounds
24.The verb: general remarks
25.Person and number
26.Personal endings
27.Non-Sanskritic treatment of thematic vowel
28.Summary classification of non-Sanskritic presents
29.Optative
30.Imperative
31.Future
32.Aorist, or preterite (including imperfect)
33.Perfect
34.Participies, including gerundives
35.Gerund
36.Infinitive
37.Voice
38.Stems in aya (e); causative, denominative, etc.
39.Intensive
40.Desiderative
41.Syntactic addenda to the verb
42.Constructions with ma
43.Synopsis of verb fforms
Volume II. Dictionary
Dictionary
Partial Index of Middle Indic words
Pali
Ardha-Magadhi
Other Prakrit, Apabhramsa, and Desi words
· · · · · · (收起)

读后感

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用户评价

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