Customs Duties in the Qing Dynasty, Ca. 1644-1911 pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載2025

Foreword by Bozhong Li
Foreword by Maarten Duijvendak
Emperors of the Qing dynasty
List of Abbreviations
List of Chinese Terms
Notes on the Text and Translations
Introduction
Chapter 1: Research approach
1.1 Previous research
1.2 Data sources
Chapter 2: The system of customs duties under the Qing dynasty
2.1 The system of customs duties in Traditional China
2.2 The Changguan system of the Qing
2.3 Policy adjustments
2.4 Rate of taxation and surtaxes
2.5 Yangguan
Chapter 3: Land Border customs
3.1 Shanhai Guan
3.2 Zhangjiakou
3.3 Shahukou
3.4 Guihuacheng
3.5 Dajianlu
3.6 Fenghuangcheng Zhongjiang
3.7 Fengtian Niuma Shui
3.8 Wu Chang and Xun Chang
3.9 Chihli Pantaokou
3.10 Other ports
3.11 Summary
Chapter 4: Grand Canal and Yangtze River customs
4.1 Chongwenmen
4.2 Zuoyi and Youyi
4.3 Zuoliangtin
4.4 Huai’an Guan
4.5 Hushu Guan
4.6 Yangzhou Guan
4.7 Wuhu Guan
4.8 Fengyang Guan
4.9 Longjiang Guan & Xixing Guan
4.10 Jiujiang Guan
4.11 Gan Guan
4.12 Beixin Guan and Nanxin Guan
4.13 Linqin Guan
4.14 Taiping Guan
4.15 Wuchang Guan
4.16 Jingzhou Guan and Hubei Xinguan
4.17 Kui Guan and Yu Guan
4.18 Summary
Chapter 5: Coastal customs
5.1 Tianjin Guan
5.2 Tianjin Haiguan
5.3 Jianghai Guan
5.4 Zhehai Guan
5.5 Minhai Guan
5.6 Yuehai Changguan (after 1861)
5.7 Donghai Guan
5.8 Brief Summary
Chapter 6: Yangguan
6.1 Yuehai Guan (before 1861)
6.2 Jianghai Yangguan (1844-1861)
6.3 Zhehai Yangguan (1844-1861)
6.4 Xiamen and Fuzhou Yangguan (1844-1861)
6.5 Yangguan after 1861
6.6 Brief Summary
Chapter 7: Customs duties and the economy
7.1 Changguan and Yangguan
7.2 Huguan and Gongguan
7.3 Influence of population growth and inflation
Chapter 8: Conclusion
Appendices
Appendix A – Customs revenues collected at Changguan, 1723-1910
Appendix B – Customs revenue data for Yuhei Guan, 1723-1911
Appendix C – Customs revenues collected at Yangguan, 1844-1910
References
Archival Sources
Other Material
Secondary Literature
Postscript
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