When America Became Suburban

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出版者:Univ Of Minnesota Press
作者:Robert A. Beauregard
出品人:
页数:288
译者:
出版时间:2006-8-25
价格:$18.95
装帧:Paperback
isbn号码:9780816648856
丛书系列:
图书标签:
  • urban
  • 美国历史
  • 郊区化
  • 城市规划
  • 社会变迁
  • 20世纪美国
  • 住房
  • 文化史
  • 政治史
  • 人口迁移
  • 战后美国
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具体描述

In the decades after World War II, the United States became the most prosperous nation in the world and a superpower whose dominance was symbolized by the American suburbs. Spurred by the decline of its industrial cities and by mass suburbanization, people imagined a new national identity—one that emphasized consumerism, social mobility, and a suburban lifestyle. The urbanity of the city was lost.

In When America Became Suburban, Robert A. Beauregard examines this historic intersection of urban decline, mass suburbanization, domestic prosperity, and U.S. global aspirations as it unfolded from 1945 to the mid-1970s. Suburban expansion and the subsequent emergence of sprawling Sunbelt cities transformed every aspect of American society. Assessing the global implications of America’s suburban way of life as evidence of the superiority of capitalist democracy, Beauregard traces how the suburban ideology enabled America to distinguish itself from both the Communist bloc and Western Europe, thereby deepening its claim of exceptionalism on the world-historical stage.

Placing the decline of America’s industrial cities and the rise of vast suburban housing and retail spaces into a cultural, political, and global context, Beauregard illuminates how these phenomena contributed to a changing notion of America’s identity at home and abroad. When America Became Suburban brings to light the profound implications of de-urbanization: from the siphoning of investments from the cities and the effect on the quality of life for those left behind to a profound shift in national identity.

When America Became Suburban 《当美国迈入郊区化》并非一本讲述具体某一本名为“When America Became Suburban”的书籍的简介。相反,它是一部旨在深入探讨美国社会从城市中心转向郊区生活的复杂历程的学术著作。本书将追溯并剖析促使美国人纷纷离开高楼林立的城市,迁往更为开阔、宁静的郊区环境的关键因素,以及这一转变所带来的深远影响。 本书将从历史的纵深处展开叙述,首先考察20世纪初美国城市化进程的蓬勃发展,以及随之而来的诸多挑战,如人口过剩、交通拥堵、卫生条件恶化以及日益凸显的社会不平等。这些问题为郊区化提供了最初的驱动力,使得一部分人开始寻求一种不同的生活方式。 随后,本书将聚焦于二战后的关键时期,这是美国郊区化进程爆炸式增长的黄金时代。我们将详细分析一系列社会、经济和政策层面的因素,包括: 经济繁荣与中产阶级崛起: 战后经济的强劲增长为大量美国人提供了前所未有的经济能力,使得购房和拥有私人住宅成为许多家庭的现实目标。 婴儿潮的诞生与家庭结构的变化: 战后婴儿潮一代的出生,促使家庭对更大、更安全的居住空间产生了需求,而郊区提供的宽敞住宅和庭院恰好满足了这一需求。 联邦政府的政策支持: 《退伍军人权利法案》(G.I. Bill)等政策极大地降低了购房门槛,为退伍军人提供了低息贷款,鼓励了郊区住宅的建设和购买。同时,联邦对州际公路系统的巨额投资,改善了交通条件,缩短了郊区与城市中心的通勤时间,进一步削弱了居住在市区的必要性。 汽车的普及与个人交通的革命: 汽车的广泛普及改变了人们的出行模式,使得居住在离工作地点较远的郊区成为可能,并催生了依赖汽车的郊区生活方式。 对城市生活的不满与理想化的郊区愿景: 许多美国人对当时城市的混乱、拥挤和感知到的犯罪率感到厌倦,转而将郊区视为一种理想化的生活模式,那里意味着更安全的环境、更好的学区、更纯净的空气以及更亲近自然的居住体验。 新建住宅的营销与传播: 像Levittown这样的预制化、大规模的郊区住宅项目,以其标准化、可负担的模式,成为了郊区化浪潮的标志性象征。媒体的宣传和流行文化也极大地塑造了人们对郊区生活的向往。 《当美国迈入郊区化》不会仅仅停留在对这些宏观因素的梳理,更将深入探讨郊区化对美国社会结构、文化价值观以及日常生活带来的多维度影响,包括: 种族隔离与社会分化: 本书将批判性地审视郊区化过程中存在的种族歧视性做法,例如红线政策(redlining)和歧视性贷款,这些政策导致了城市内部和郊区之间的种族隔离,加剧了社会不平等。 交通模式的改变与环境影响: 郊区化的发展依赖于汽车,由此带来了对化石燃料的依赖、空气污染以及城市规划的模式改变,例如蔓延式开发(sprawl)。 家庭生活与性别角色的演变: 郊区生活方式往往与传统性别角色紧密联系,女性更多地承担起家庭主妇的职责,而男性则成为家庭的主要经济支柱。本书将探讨这种模式对家庭结构和性别权力关系的影响。 社区的形成与社会资本: 郊区社区的形成机制、邻里关系以及由此产生的社会资本的特点,也将是本书探讨的重要议题。 商业模式的转型: 郊区人口的增长催生了新的商业模式,例如购物中心、仓储式超市以及各种服务业,它们改变了美国的消费习惯和商业地理。 政治与文化的影响: 郊区化的趋势也深刻影响了美国的政治格局和文化认同,例如郊区选民的政治倾向、郊区作为美国梦象征的地位等。 本书将通过丰富的历史文献、政策分析、社会统计数据以及案例研究,全面、深刻地揭示美国社会从城市向郊区转变的宏大叙事。它不仅是对历史现象的记录,更是对塑造了当代美国社会面貌的关键性变迁的深度解读,为理解当今美国的城市规划、社会结构、文化认同以及政治生态提供了不可或缺的视角。

作者简介

Robert A. Beauregard is a professor in the Graduate School of Architecture, Planning, and Preservation at Columbia University. He is the author of Voices of Decline: The Postwar Fate of U.S. Cities and editor of Economic Restructuring and Political Response and Atop the Urban Hierarchy.

目录信息

Contents
Preface
1. The Short American Century
2. Urbanization’s Consequences
3. Parasitic Urbanization
4. Culture and Institutions
5. Domestic Prosperity
6. Ways of Life
7. America’s Global Project
8. Identity and Urbanity
Acknowledgments
APPENDIXES
Appendix A. Decennial Population Loss for the Fifty Largest U.S. Cities, 1820–2000
Appendix B. Demographic and Economic Comparisons across Periods of Urbanization
Appendix C. Measures of Urbanization for Historical Periods
Notes
Index
· · · · · · (收起)

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用户评价

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decline of old industrial city, massive suburbanization, domestic prosperity, global dominance, define short American century. restructuring of core urban processes, strong concentration --> decentralization. switch from distributive to parasitic urbanization. urbanization takes different form at different times.

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从 short American century 的角度切入郊区问题,视角还挺新颖,但是材料稍欠缺,行文稍啰嗦,对问题的深入探讨常常淹没在长周期一类的宏大叙事里,此为可改进之处。

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decline of old industrial city, massive suburbanization, domestic prosperity, global dominance, define short American century. restructuring of core urban processes, strong concentration --> decentralization. switch from distributive to parasitic urbanization. urbanization takes different form at different times.

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decline of old industrial city, massive suburbanization, domestic prosperity, global dominance, define short American century. restructuring of core urban processes, strong concentration --> decentralization. switch from distributive to parasitic urbanization. urbanization takes different form at different times.

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decline of old industrial city, massive suburbanization, domestic prosperity, global dominance, define short American century. restructuring of core urban processes, strong concentration --> decentralization. switch from distributive to parasitic urbanization. urbanization takes different form at different times.

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