Oecd Economic Surveys pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025

Canada s recent economic performance has been favour-

able, underpinned by the sound macroeconomic and

structural policies pursued over the 1990s. With improved

fundamentals, including a fiscal surplus, activity has

rebounded vigorously from the external shocks in 1997-1998.

Economic expansion since then has been strong and b~oadly

based, benefiting both from a favourable external environ-

ment - buoyant US demand, rising world commodity prices -

and improved confidence at home associated with substan-

tial job creation and rising incomes, with real GDP growth

averaging over 5 per cent (at an annual rate) since late 1998,

slack in product and labour markets has been rapidly taken

up. The unemployment rate has fallen to levels last seen in

the mid-1970s, and the economy may now be operating at, or

slightly above, full capacity, as conventionally measured.

Nonetheless, while the sharp rise in energy prices has

pushed up "headline" inflation, "core" inflation - excluding

energy and other volatile items - has stayed well within the

bottom half of the official I to 3 per cent target band. At the

same time, with the improvement in Canada s terms of trade

coming from higher commodity prices, the current account

has shifted rapidly towards surplus.

In the period ahead, economic growth is projected to

moderate, averaging 3 per cent in 2001 following about

4V2 per cent this year, as US demand becomes less support-

ive and tighter monetary conditions restrain the interest-

sensitive components of household and business spending.

On the other hand, renewed fiscal stimulus should bolster

domestic demand, although households may prefer to take

advantage of announced tax cuts to strengthen their balance

sheets. Such a "soft landing" scenario would avoid the