Doctor Faustus 在线电子书 图书标签: 托马斯曼 Thomas_Mann
发表于2024-11-15
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克里斯托弗·马洛(或 克利斯朵夫·马洛 Christopher Marlowe,1564年3月6日—— 1593年5月30日),英国诗人,剧作家。,是戏剧版的浮士德传说最早的作者。他于1564年2月出生在坎特伯雷,生于坎特伯雷一富有鞋匠之家,大约比莎士比亚早出生了两个月。1587年他从剑桥大学毕业,获文学硕士学位,此后他在伦敦定居了下来,这期间结交了一群无神论者,或曾为英国政府完成过一项秘密使命。不久留下了《浮士德博士的悲剧》等六部戏剧和一些诗歌作品。悲剧《帖木儿大帝》被普遍地认为最迟创作于该年。该剧被视为创立了以无韵诗为标准的英国戏剧的典范。《浮士德》可能是他在接下来的1588年创作的,此前他写有《马耳他的犹太人》和《爱德华二世》。马洛与人合写了几部作品,创作了《英雄与林德尔》的前两部分,并翻译了奥维德和卢肯的作品。1593年6月1日,他因在酒店与人口角、斗殴,当场被刺身亡。
马洛被称为一个浪漫奇才,塑造了很多异乎寻常的征服者和追求者,他那丰富的想象力和壮丽的文字都使得马洛的不幸离世成为伊丽莎白时期文学大憾事。
对于马洛本人的情况,我们知之甚少。文献中记载的他的无神论的信仰和放荡的生活方式可能夸大其词。最近的研究使我们有理由相信他的异端行为可能不过只是一种单一的生活方式。一些对于他性格的攻击性言论只不过是来源于一些社会名声经不起查证的人的评判,然而,他的朋友们的文字描述以及他们提及的马洛的方式却与那些言论截然相反且极具说服力。
马洛的戏剧的最突出的特点是把所有的焦点都集中在一个令人印象深刻的核心人物身上,主要是基于一种单一的情感,一种对某物热切的渴望。在《帖木儿大帝》中其表现为对统治世界的权力的渴望;在《马耳他的犹太人》中,是无穷无尽的财富贪恋;在《浮士德博士的悲剧》中则是一切的知识。这些具有主导性的个性特征,通过铿锵的韵诗,以修辞的形式表现出来,有时幻化为崇高的志向,有时则演变为咆哮。《浮士德博士的悲剧》中惨不忍睹的喜剧场面可能不是马洛的错,该剧虽缺乏结构上的统一性和完整性,却展现了具有伟大能力的英雄在事业上的追求和他们的最终命运。在对特洛伊的海伦的评论中和浮士德临终的话语里,他书写出了英语语言文学史上最杰出的两段诗歌。
"John E. Woods is revising our impression of Thomas Mann, masterpiece by masterpiece."--The New Yorker
"Doctor Faustus is Mann's deepest artistic gesture. . . . Finely translated by John E. Woods." --The New Republic
Thomas Mann's last great novel, first published in 1947 and now newly rendered into English by acclaimed translator John E. Woods, is a modern reworking of the Faust legend, in which Germany sells its soul to the Devil. Mann's protagonist, the composer Adrian Leverkühn, is the flower of German culture, a brilliant, isolated, overreaching figure, his radical new music a breakneck game played by art at the very edge of impossibility. In return for twenty-four years of unparalleled musical accomplishment, he bargains away his soul--and the ability to love his fellow man.
Leverkühn's life story is a brilliant allegory of the rise of the Third Reich, of Germany's renunciation of its own humanity and its embrace of ambition and nihilism. It is also Mann's most profound meditation on the German genius--both national and individual--and the terrible responsibilities of the truly great artist.
学习记录: 1.基本知识:1958年剧本 为追求无限的知识以来征服自然,毅然背叛上帝,以自己的灵魂换取使魔鬼24年的权利,期满后去往地狱。 五幕剧 取材于德国传奇 2.“人文主义未能从宗教中解放出来” 第三幕:罗马教皇的宫殿里戏弄教皇 第四幕:为德国皇帝显现亚历山大大帝及其...
评分As a great English dramatist, poet and translator, Christoper Marlowe has been identified as the most important of Shakesphere's predecessors. Before his untimely death in 1593, Marlowe was considered the most promising dramatist of the Elizabethan era. T...
评分As a great English dramatist, poet and translator, Christoper Marlowe has been identified as the most important of Shakesphere's predecessors. Before his untimely death in 1593, Marlowe was considered the most promising dramatist of the Elizabethan era. T...
评分As a great English dramatist, poet and translator, Christoper Marlowe has been identified as the most important of Shakesphere's predecessors. Before his untimely death in 1593, Marlowe was considered the most promising dramatist of the Elizabethan era. T...
评分As a great English dramatist, poet and translator, Christoper Marlowe has been identified as the most important of Shakesphere's predecessors. Before his untimely death in 1593, Marlowe was considered the most promising dramatist of the Elizabethan era. T...
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