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出版者:Methuen young books

作者:C.W.E. Bigsby

出品人:

页数:0

译者:

出版时间:1972-04-13

价格:USD 5.50

装帧:Paperback

isbn号码:9780416081602

丛书系列:

图书标签:

• Dada
• Surrealism
• Art History
• Modernism
• Literary Criticism
• Avant-Garde
• 20th Century Literature
• Art Movements
• Cultural Studies
• Critical Theory

Dada and Surrealism: Unveiling the Absurd and the Subconscious This book embarks on a comprehensive exploration of two of the most revolutionary and influential artistic and literary movements of the 20th century: Dada and Surrealism. Far from being mere stylistic trends, these movements represent profound challenges to established societal norms, artistic conventions, and even the very nature of reality and human consciousness. They emerged from the ashes of World War I, a cataclysm that shattered traditional notions of order and reason, and offered radically new ways of perceiving and engaging with the world. The initial sections of this study delve into the explosive birth of Dada in Zurich and its subsequent proliferation across Europe and the United States. We will trace its origins in the desperate search for meaning amidst the chaos of war, examining the fervent anti-art stance that characterized its early manifestos and performances. The irrationality, absurdity, and deliberate embrace of chaos were not simply aesthetic choices, but rather profound philosophical statements against the destructive logic that had led to global conflict. The book will meticulously dissect key Dadaist strategies: chance operations, readymades, collage, photomontage, and the provocative use of language. We will analyze the performances, cabarets, and publications that served as fertile ground for Dadaist experimentation, highlighting the anarchic spirit and the desire to shock the bourgeoisie into a re-evaluation of their complacent worldview. Key figures who shaped the Dadaist landscape will be brought to life, from the iconoclastic Tristan Tzara, whose manifestos became foundational texts, to the multifaceted Marcel Duchamp, whose ready-made objects irrevocably altered the definition of art. We will also consider the contributions of Hugo Ball, Emmy Hennings, Hans Arp, Kurt Schwitters, and the German Dadaists, whose work often had a more overtly political and satirical edge. The transatlantic connections and the individual trajectories of Dadaists in New York, Berlin, Paris, and other centers will be meticulously charted, revealing the interconnectedness and the diverse manifestations of this protean movement. The book will not shy away from the often-confrontational nature of Dada, exploring its deliberate destruction of artistic hierarchies and its embrace of a radical freedom that bordered on nihilism. As Dada began to dissolve, its revolutionary fervor did not dissipate; instead, it transmuted and coalesced into the more expansive and equally groundbreaking movement of Surrealism. This study will then meticulously trace the lineage from Dada to Surrealism, exploring how the latter inherited Dada’s spirit of rebellion and liberation but channeled it into a more focused exploration of the subconscious mind. At the heart of Surrealism lies the profound influence of Sigmund Freud and his theories of psychoanalysis. We will examine how Surrealists sought to access the "unconscious" – the realm of dreams, desires, and repressed thoughts – as a source of creative energy and a pathway to a more authentic and liberated existence. The book will provide an in-depth analysis of the core tenets of Surrealism, including automatic writing, dream analysis, the juxtaposition of unrelated elements, and the creation of "uncanny" or unsettling imagery. André Breton, the principal theorist and propagandist of Surrealism, will be a central figure, and his influential manifestos will be scrutinized for their articulation of the movement's objectives. We will explore how Surrealism sought to bridge the gap between dream and reality, or rather, to demonstrate that the perceived reality was merely one aspect of a broader, more profound "surreality." The artistic output of Surrealism will be extensively examined, showcasing the diverse range of styles and techniques employed by its adherents. From the dreamlike landscapes of Salvador Dalí, with his meticulously rendered, bizarre tableaux, to the haunting, poetic imagery of René Magritte, who challenged our perceptions of everyday objects, the visual richness of Surrealism will be laid bare. We will also consider the contributions of Joan Miró, whose biomorphic forms and vibrant colors evoked a sense of playful, primal energy, and Max Ernst, whose innovative techniques like frottage and grattage unlocked new visual possibilities. The enigmatic and often disturbing works of artists like Yves Tanguy, Paul Delvaux, and Leonora Carrington will also be explored, revealing the psychological depths and the philosophical underpinnings of their creations. Beyond painting, the book will extend its reach to encompass Surrealist literature and poetry. We will analyze the pioneering work of poets like Louis Aragon, Paul Éluard, and Benjamin Péret, whose use of unexpected metaphors, free association, and startling imagery sought to disrupt conventional modes of expression and tap into the subconscious flow of language. The exploration of cinematic Surrealism, with seminal films like Luis Buñuel and Dalí's Un Chien Andalou, will highlight how the movement transcended its textual and visual origins to influence other media, offering a radical new language for visual storytelling. A significant portion of this study will be dedicated to the theoretical underpinnings and the philosophical ramifications of Dada and Surrealism. We will investigate their engagement with critical theory, their critiques of positivism and rationalism, and their attempts to forge new ethical and political frameworks in the wake of societal upheaval. The book will examine how these movements, despite their often-playful façade, possessed a deep-seated desire for social and personal liberation. Their critique of bourgeois morality, their embrace of the marginalized and the irrational, and their aspirations for a more authentic human experience will be thoroughly explored. Furthermore, the book will address the complex relationship between art and politics within both movements. While Dada's political engagement was often direct and confrontational, Surrealism's approach was more nuanced, seeking to achieve political transformation through the liberation of the individual psyche. We will investigate the moments of collaboration and divergence with political parties, particularly the Communist Party, and the internal debates and schisms that shaped the movements' trajectories. The lasting impact and legacy of Dada and Surrealism will form a crucial concluding element of this study. We will trace their influence on subsequent artistic movements, from Abstract Expressionism and Pop Art to contemporary art practices. The book will demonstrate how the innovations in collage, the exploration of the subconscious, the questioning of artistic boundaries, and the embrace of experimentation continue to resonate in the art and culture of today. The enduring power of their challenge to conventional thinking, their insistence on the importance of imagination, and their unyielding pursuit of freedom make Dada and Surrealism not just historical curiosities, but vital forces that continue to shape our understanding of art, ourselves, and the world around us. This book aims to provide a nuanced and comprehensive understanding of these pivotal movements, revealing their enduring relevance and their profound contribution to the tapestry of 20th-century culture.

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