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Adequacy of Retirement Income After Pension Reforms in Central, Eastern and Southern Europe 在線電子書 pdf 下載 txt下載 epub 下載 mobi 下載 2024

Adequacy of Retirement Income After Pension Reforms in Central, Eastern and Southern Europe
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World Bank 作者
譯者
2009-3 出版日期
332 頁數
$ 45.20 價格
叢書系列
9780821377819 圖書編碼

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發表於2024-09-19

Adequacy of Retirement Income After Pension Reforms in Central, Eastern and Southern Europe 在線電子書 epub 下載 mobi 下載 pdf 下載 txt 下載 2024

Adequacy of Retirement Income After Pension Reforms in Central, Eastern and Southern Europe 在線電子書 epub 下載 pdf 下載 mobi 下載 txt 下載 2024

Adequacy of Retirement Income After Pension Reforms in Central, Eastern and Southern Europe 在線電子書 pdf 下載 txt下載 epub 下載 mobi 下載 2024


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Adequacy of Retirement Income After Pension Reforms in Central, Eastern and Southern Europe 在線電子書 著者簡介

Adequacy of Retirement Income After Pension Reforms in Central, Eastern and Southern Europe 在線電子書 著者簡介

Adequacy of Retirement Income After Pension Reforms in Central, Eastern and Southern Europe 在線電子書 pdf 下載 txt下載 epub 下載 mobi 在線電子書下載

Adequacy of Retirement Income After Pension Reforms in Central, Eastern and Southern Europe 在線電子書 圖書描述

The former transition countries of Central, Eastern, and Southern Europe (CESE) inherited defined benefit public pension systems financed on a pay-as-you-go basis. Under central planning, these systems exhibited fiscal strains which worsened during the early years of the transition and became unsustainable under a market economy and projected population aging. All CESE countries introduced reforms that varied but typically focused on issues of sustainability rather than benefit adequacy. Nine case studies-Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Croatia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Serbia-suggest the following broad policy conclusions: (i) fiscal sustainability has improved in most study countries, but few are fully prepared for the inevitability of population aging; (ii) the linkage between contributions and benefits has been strengthened, and pension system designs are better suited to market conditions; (iii) levels of income replacement are generally adequate for all but some categories of workers (including those with intermittent formal sector employment or low lifetime wages); (iv) further reforms to cope with population aging should focus on extending labor force participation by the elderly to avoid benefit cuts that could undermine adequacy and very high contribution rates that could discourage formal sector employment; and (v) more decisive financial market reforms are needed for funded provisions to deliver on the return expectations of participants.

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