Laws and Lawmakers 在線電子書 圖書標籤: 科學哲學 MarcLange 哲學
發表於2024-12-28
Laws and Lawmakers 在線電子書 pdf 下載 txt下載 epub 下載 mobi 下載 2024
Marc Lange is Professor of Philosophy at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Laws of nature have long puzzled philosophers. What distinguishes laws from facts about the world that do not rise to the level of laws? How can laws be contingent and nevertheless necessary? In this brief, accessible study, Lange offers provocative and original answers to these questions. He argues that laws are distinguished by their necessity, which is grounded in primitive subjunctive facts (expressed by counterfactual conditionals). While recognizing that natural necessity is distinct from logical, metaphysical, and mathematical necessity, Lange explains how natural necessity constitutes a species of the same genus as those other varieties of necessity.
Along the way, Lange discusses the relation between laws and objective chances, as well as such unjustly neglected topics as the completeness of the laws of physics and whether the laws of nature can change. Lange's elegant, engagingly written book is non-technical and suitable for undergraduate philosophers (and undergraduate scientists interested in the logical foundations of science). It is "must reading" for metaphysicians and philosophers of science working on laws, chance, counterfactuals, modality, or the philosophy of physics.
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Laws and Lawmakers 在線電子書 pdf 下載 txt下載 epub 下載 mobi 下載 2024