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Notes

1] A sequence of songs and sonnets, three times printed in quarto in 1591, and revised and rearranged from a better text by Sidney's sister, the Countess of Pembroke, in the folio edition of Sidney's Arcadia and other works, 1598 (on which our text is based). The best modern editions are those by A. W. Pollard (1888) and M. Wilson (1931). Astrophel, meaning star-lover, is the poet, and Stella, or star, represents Penelope Devereux. In 1576 there was talk of a marriage between Sidney and Penelope, daughter of the lately deceased Earl of Essex. But though the proposed marriage had been urged by her father, her guardians allowed it to lapse, and Sidney's parents had other projects for him. In 1581 a marriage with Lord Rich, a man very much her senior, was forced upon Lady Penelope by her guardians. It resulted in continual discord. It seems probable that Sidney composed Astrophel and Stella before his own marriage to Frances Walsingham, daughter of Sir Francis Walsingham, in September 1583. The marriage was probably a happy one, and there is no indication that Sidney's wife took objection to the Sonnets.

6] Inventio, consulting lists of acceptable figures of speech, as recommended by classical rhetoric manualsas an alternative for creating something new.

11] feet: a quibble on "metrical feet."

Online text copyright © 2009, Ian Lancashire (the Department of English) and the University of Toronto.

Published by the Web Development Group, Information Technology Services, University of Toronto Libraries.

Original text: Sir Philip Sidney, Sir P. S. his Astrophel and Stella ([J. Charlewood] for T. Newman, 1591). STC 22536. Facs. edn.: Menston: Scolar Press, 1970. PR 2342 A7 1591A ROBA.

First publication date: 1591

RPO poem editor: F. D. Hoeniger

RP edition: 3RP 1:118.

Recent editing: 2:2002/4/11

Composition date: 1580 - 1582

Form: sonnet

Rhyme: abab abab cdc dee