In the aftermath of the Civil War, legislators in the Nebraska
Territory grappled with the responsibility of forming a state government
as well as with the larger issues of reconstructing the Union, protecting
civil rights, and redefining federal-state relations. In the years that followed,
Nebraskans coped with regional and national economic collapses. Nebraska
women struggled for full recognition in the legal profession. Meyer v. Nebraska,
a case involving a teacher in a one-room rural Nebraska schoolhouse, changed
the course of American constitutional doctrine and remains one of the cornerstones
of civil liberties law. And Roscoe Pound, a boy from Lincoln, went on to
become one of the nation's great legal philosophers.
Much of Nebraska law reflects mainstream American law, yet Nebraskans have
been open to experiment and innovation. The state revamped the legislative
process by establishing the nation's only unicameral legislature and pioneered
public employment collective bargaining and dispute resolution through its
commission of industrial relations and relaxation of strict separation of powers.
Nebraska holds a prominent position in the field of Native American legal
history, and the state's original inhabitants have been at the center of many
significant developments in federal Indian policy. Nebraska Indian legal history
is replete with stories of failure and success, triumph and heartache, hope and
misery, suffering and hardship.
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