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CONTENTS

PART ONE - THE GENERAL PROBLEM

1 The time-obsession of the twentieth century 3

2 The time-obsession of fiction 12

3 The time and the space arts 23

4 The time problems of fiction 33

5 The conventions of fiction 35

Thematic conventions 41

Formal conventions 45

Medial conventions 49

6 Fiction and the other arts 53

PART TWO - THE THEORY

7 The time values of fiction 63

Time by the clock or conceptual time 64

The chronological duration of the reading 65

The chronological duration of the writing 68

Pseudo-chronological duration of the theme of the novel -- fictional time 71

Texture and selection 73

8 The position of the present in fiction 86

The time locus of the reader 86

The time locus of the writer 87

The time locus of the pseudo-author 89

The time locus of the theme of the novel 94

Identification and temporal transfer 96

The intrusive author 99

Preliminary and distributed exposition 103

Temporal transfer in the autobiographical novel 106

The dramatic method 109

The use of dialogue 111

The restricted point of view 114

9 Psychological time 118

Psychological duration of the reading 121

Tempo 125

Psychological duration of the pseudo-author 128

Psychological duration of the characters in the novel 130

10 Timelessness in fiction 135

11 Time, language and Bergson's durée 145

PART THREE - THE PRACTICE

12 Time, Structure and Tristram Shandy 158

Early theories of structure 161

The revolt of Sterne 165

Sterne's use of the time-shift 188

13 The modern psychological novel 200

The progression towards greater inwardness 202

Formlessness in modern psychological fiction 206

Duration and the continuous present 213

Associationism in sequence and style 220

The intrusive author 222

Planes of reality 224

A note on Orlando 228

14 Conclusion 234

Index