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In the early modern period the Holy Roman Empire, or Reich, was one of the oldest and largest European states. Its importance was magnified by its location at the heart of the continent, by the extensive international connections of its leading families, and by the involvement of foreign rulers in its governance. This book breaks new ground in its collective exploration of aspects of cross-border and transnational interaction, and of political and diplomatic, social and cultural relations. There are essays on important turning-points, especially 1648 and 1806; on the patterns of rulership of the emperors themselves; on areas which lay on the margin of the Reich; on neighbouring countries which interacted with the Empire; and on visual and material culture.

Contributors are Wolfgang Burgdorf, Olivier Chaline, Heinz Duchhardt, Jeroen Duindam, Robert Evans, Sven Externbrink, Robert Frost, Lothar Höbelt, Thomas DaCosta Kaufmann, Petr Mat'a, Nicolette Mout, Thomas Munck, Géza Pálffy, Jaroslav Pánek, Adam Perłakowski, Friedrich Polleroß, Blythe Alice Raviola. Peter Schröder, Kim Siebenhüner, Peter H. Wilson and Thomas Winkelbauer.

The Holy Roman Empire, 1495–1806: A European Perspective......Page 4
Contents......Page 6
List of Illustrations and Maps......Page 10
List of Contributors......Page 12
Peter H. Wilson and R.J.W. Evans: Introduction......Page 16
Section I: Turning Points......Page 32
A Peace to End All Religious Wars......Page 34
The Westphalian System and Europe......Page 41
Peter Schröder: The Holy Roman Empire as model for Saint-Pierre’s Projet pour rendre la paix perpétuelle en Europe......Page 50
Wolfgang Burgdorf: ‘Once We Were Trojans!’ Contemporary Reactions to the Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation......Page 66
Section II: Habsburg Governance......Page 92
Olivier Chaline: Inside the Empire and for the House of Austria: The Buquoy Family from the Spanish Low Countries to Bohemia......Page 94
I. Introduction......Page 106
II. The Court: Towards an Open Definition......Page 110
III. The Imperial Court: Erzämter and Erbämter......Page 114
IV. Habsburg Hofämter versus the Imperial Erbämter: An Unequal Battle?......Page 123
V. Concluding Remarks......Page 132
Jaroslav Pánek: Bohemia and the Empire: Acceptance and Rejection......Page 136
Petr Maťa: Bohemia, Silesia and the Empire: Negotiating Princely Dignity on the Eastern Periphery......Page 158
Thomas Winkelbauer: Separation and Symbiosis: The Habsburg Monarchy and the Empire in the Seventeenth Century......Page 182
Section III: Cores and Peripheries......Page 200
Sven Externbrink: State-Building within the Empire: The Cases of Brandenburg-Prussia and Savoy-Sardinia......Page 202
Nicolette Mout: Core and Periphery: The Netherlands and the Empire from the Late Fifteenth to the Early Seventeenth Century......Page 218
1. From the Padan Network to Reichsitalien......Page 232
2. Piedmont, Liguria and the Imperial Fiefs......Page 235
2.1. Desana......Page 237
2.2. The fiefs of Zuccarello and Langhe......Page 239
2.3. Monferrato’s Imperial fiefs and the problem of the vicariate......Page 242
3. Open Questions and Possible Comparisons......Page 246
Section IV: Neighbours......Page 252
Robert Frost: The Impact of War: The Holy Roman Empire and Poland-Lithuania, c. 1600–1806......Page 254
Géza Pálffy: An ‘Old Empire’ on the Periphery of the Old Empire: The Kingdom of Hungary and the Holy Roman Empire in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries......Page 274
1. An ‘Old Empire’ Outside the Old Empire but Inside the Habsburg Monarchy......Page 275
2. Defending Central Europe against the Ottomans with the Help of the Imperial Turkish Tax......Page 279
3. Economic Relations between Hungary and the Holy Roman Empire......Page 285
4. Culture, Law, the Nobility, and Titles......Page 288
5. The Empire in Hungary—Hungary in the Habsburg Monarchy......Page 291
Adam Perłakowski: The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Electoral Saxony in the Early Eighteenth Century: Crisis and Cooperation......Page 296
Thomas Munck: The Northern Periphery: German Cultural Influences on the Danish-Norwegian Kingdom during the Enlightenment......Page 308
The Danish Language and the Reaction to Struensee......Page 311
The ‘German Feud’ (Tyskerfejden) of 1789......Page 317
Comparing Cultural Influences on Denmark and Sweden in the Late Enlightenment......Page 322
Conclusions......Page 326
Section V: Imperial Culture and Identity......Page 328
Thomas DaCosta Kaufmann: Centres or Periphery? Art and Architecture in the Empire......Page 330
Kim Siebenhüner: Where Did the Jewels of the German Imperial Princes Come From? Aspects of Material Cultural in the Empire......Page 348
1. The Circulation of Jewels in Europe......Page 352
2. The Fuggers as Jewel Dealers......Page 354
3. The Origins of the Precious Stones......Page 359
Friedrich Polleross: Portraiture at the Imperial Court in the First Half of the 17th Century......Page 364
Rudolf II and the Foundations of Baroque representation......Page 365
Matthias and Ferdinand II: Back to the Roots......Page 370
Ferdinand III and Leopold Wilhelm: Modernity versus Severity......Page 374
Heinz Duchhardt: Epilogue: International System and Imperial System in the ‘Short’ Eighteenth Century: Two Worlds?......Page 382
II. Overviews and General Interpretations of the Empire......Page 388
III. Specialist Studies......Page 389
Index......Page 400
Illustration section......Page 418
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