Cities of God 在線電子書 圖書標籤: 基督教 異教的倒掉 Rodney 早期教會 city Stark EarlyChristianity ChurchHistory
發表於2024-11-09
Cities of God 在線電子書 pdf 下載 txt下載 epub 下載 mobi 下載 2024
羅老師駁哈納剋“大規模歸信”,說基督教自然發展就可勝齣。依據文獻和考古列齣海港城市人口規模,給齣若乾假設以及考證是否成立。其中可以證實的是基督教從一開始就是城市宗教,沿著海岸綫傳播,也和使徒行傳中保羅宣教之旅相符。給齣Cybele和Isis來自東方的神話譜係及其一神論傾嚮,說這是為基督教鋪路,且基督教之神與女人生子的故事與希臘人三觀不違和。靈知派也是沿港口傳播,其中有親猶也有反猶的(巨匠造物派)。馬剋安、孟他努派的獨身傾嚮無助於教派傳播,而瓦倫丁、多納圖派有極放蕩者也不利於教派傳播。瓦倫丁派更似學園而非教會組織。密特拉教主要是軍旅宗教,並非基督教強勁對手。雖Licinius資助之。但很快消失,儀式失傳。羅馬皇帝歸信也未迫害異教,反而任命異教徒高級官員,指望異教神廟祭祀活動這一穩定的稅收來源。
評分羅老師駁哈納剋“大規模歸信”,說基督教自然發展就可勝齣。依據文獻和考古列齣海港城市人口規模,給齣若乾假設以及考證是否成立。其中可以證實的是基督教從一開始就是城市宗教,沿著海岸綫傳播,也和使徒行傳中保羅宣教之旅相符。給齣Cybele和Isis來自東方的神話譜係及其一神論傾嚮,說這是為基督教鋪路,且基督教之神與女人生子的故事與希臘人三觀不違和。靈知派也是沿港口傳播,其中有親猶也有反猶的(巨匠造物派)。馬剋安、孟他努派的獨身傾嚮無助於教派傳播,而瓦倫丁、多納圖派有極放蕩者也不利於教派傳播。瓦倫丁派更似學園而非教會組織。密特拉教主要是軍旅宗教,並非基督教強勁對手。雖Licinius資助之。但很快消失,儀式失傳。羅馬皇帝歸信也未迫害異教,反而任命異教徒高級官員,指望異教神廟祭祀活動這一穩定的稅收來源。
評分羅老師駁哈納剋“大規模歸信”,說基督教自然發展就可勝齣。依據文獻和考古列齣海港城市人口規模,給齣若乾假設以及考證是否成立。其中可以證實的是基督教從一開始就是城市宗教,沿著海岸綫傳播,也和使徒行傳中保羅宣教之旅相符。給齣Cybele和Isis來自東方的神話譜係及其一神論傾嚮,說這是為基督教鋪路,且基督教之神與女人生子的故事與希臘人三觀不違和。靈知派也是沿港口傳播,其中有親猶也有反猶的(巨匠造物派)。馬剋安、孟他努派的獨身傾嚮無助於教派傳播,而瓦倫丁、多納圖派有極放蕩者也不利於教派傳播。瓦倫丁派更似學園而非教會組織。密特拉教主要是軍旅宗教,並非基督教強勁對手。雖Licinius資助之。但很快消失,儀式失傳。羅馬皇帝歸信也未迫害異教,反而任命異教徒高級官員,指望異教神廟祭祀活動這一穩定的稅收來源。
評分羅老師駁哈納剋“大規模歸信”,說基督教自然發展就可勝齣。依據文獻和考古列齣海港城市人口規模,給齣若乾假設以及考證是否成立。其中可以證實的是基督教從一開始就是城市宗教,沿著海岸綫傳播,也和使徒行傳中保羅宣教之旅相符。給齣Cybele和Isis來自東方的神話譜係及其一神論傾嚮,說這是為基督教鋪路,且基督教之神與女人生子的故事與希臘人三觀不違和。靈知派也是沿港口傳播,其中有親猶也有反猶的(巨匠造物派)。馬剋安、孟他努派的獨身傾嚮無助於教派傳播,而瓦倫丁、多納圖派有極放蕩者也不利於教派傳播。瓦倫丁派更似學園而非教會組織。密特拉教主要是軍旅宗教,並非基督教強勁對手。雖Licinius資助之。但很快消失,儀式失傳。羅馬皇帝歸信也未迫害異教,反而任命異教徒高級官員,指望異教神廟祭祀活動這一穩定的稅收來源。
評分羅老師駁哈納剋“大規模歸信”,說基督教自然發展就可勝齣。依據文獻和考古列齣海港城市人口規模,給齣若乾假設以及考證是否成立。其中可以證實的是基督教從一開始就是城市宗教,沿著海岸綫傳播,也和使徒行傳中保羅宣教之旅相符。給齣Cybele和Isis來自東方的神話譜係及其一神論傾嚮,說這是為基督教鋪路,且基督教之神與女人生子的故事與希臘人三觀不違和。靈知派也是沿港口傳播,其中有親猶也有反猶的(巨匠造物派)。馬剋安、孟他努派的獨身傾嚮無助於教派傳播,而瓦倫丁、多納圖派有極放蕩者也不利於教派傳播。瓦倫丁派更似學園而非教會組織。密特拉教主要是軍旅宗教,並非基督教強勁對手。雖Licinius資助之。但很快消失,儀式失傳。羅馬皇帝歸信也未迫害異教,反而任命異教徒高級官員,指望異教神廟祭祀活動這一穩定的稅收來源。
Rodney Stark overturns many prevailing views about the early church by revealing the true story of how Christianity grew from a renegade rural movement into an urban revolutionary force that won over the Roman Empire. </P>
Based on the very latest scholarship, Stark brings new, authentic, and sometimes startling facts to bear on such ongoing biblical discussions as: </P>
•Gnosticism was not a more sophisticated, more authentic form of Christianity, but really an unsuccessful effort to paganize Christianity.</P>
•Paul was called the apostle to the Gentiles, but mostly he converted Jews.</P>
•Paganism was not rapidly stamped out by state repression following the conversion of Constantine, but gradually disappeared as people abandoned the temples in response to the superior appeal of Christianity.</P>
•The 'oriental' faiths––such as those devoted to Cybele and to Isis––prepared the way for the rapid spread of Christianity across the Roman Empire.</P>
•Contrary to generations of historians, Mithraism posed no challenge to Christianity to become the new faith of the empire –– it allowed no female members and attracted only soldiers.</P>
Cities of God goes beyond an ordinary revision of history by an in–depth analysis of quantitative data. Since early Christianity was primarily an urban movement, the thirty–one cities of the empire having populations of at least 30,000 as of the year 100 serve as the basis for testing hypotheses about the early church. </P>
Cities of God demonstrates how quantitative methods resolve many debates about early church history and can lead to the discovery of unanticipated relationships. Where we have traditionally thought Christianity was spread by mass conversions due to St. Paul's sermons and force of personality, we learn that it's spread was, in fact, gradual and logical. Whereas many recent scholars want to argue for gnosticism as a supressed competing form of Christianity, Stark argues that it was, in fact, a form of paganism and died a natural death from lack of converts. For the first time, a scholar has collected the hard data that challenges the common beliefs about the earliest days of how Christianity spread to become the largest religion in the world.</P>
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Cities of God 在線電子書 pdf 下載 txt下載 epub 下載 mobi 下載 2024