Big Dams of the New Deal Era

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出版者:University of Oklahoma Press
作者:David P. Billington
出品人:
页数:416
译者:
出版时间:2006-12-1
价格:286.00 元
装帧:Hardcover
isbn号码:9780806137957
丛书系列:
图书标签:
  • PK
  • David.P.Billington
  • New Deal
  • Dams
  • Water Resources
  • Civil Engineering
  • History
  • American History
  • Infrastructure
  • Great Depression
  • Public Works
  • Environmental History
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具体描述

The massive dams of the American West were designed to serve multiple purposes: improving navigation, irrigating crops, storing water, controlling floods, and generating hydroelectricity. Their construction also put thousands of people to work during the Great Depression. Only later did the dams' baneful effects on river ecologies spark public debate.

"Big Dams of the New Deal Era" tells how major water-storage structures were erected in four western river basins. David P. Billington and Donald C. Jackson reveal how engineering science, regional and national politics, perceived public needs, and a river's natural features intertwined to create distinctive dams within each region. In particular, the authors describe how two federal agencies, the Army Corps of Engineers and the Bureau of Reclamation, became key players in the creation of these important public works.

By illuminating the mathematical analysis that supported large-scale dam construction, the authors also describe how and why engineers in the 1930s most often opted for massive gravity dams, whose design required enormous quantities of concrete or earth-rock fill for stability.

Richly illustrated, "Big Dams of the New Deal Era" offers a compelling account of how major dams in the New Deal era restructured the landscape--both politically and physically--and why American society in the 1930s embraced them wholeheartedly.

《宏伟水坝:新政时代的变革力量》 在新政时代,一股改革的洪流席卷美国,其影响至今仍未消退。在这一变革时期,一项最具标志性且影响深远的成就便是那些拔地而起的宏伟水坝。本书《宏伟水坝:新政时代的变革力量》将深入探讨这些巨型工程的诞生、发展以及它们在新政时代所扮演的关键角色,但并非直接聚焦于书籍本身的内容,而是将其视为一个宏大的历史叙事。 新政,由富兰克林·罗斯福总统推出的旨在应对大萧条的系列经济和社会改革计划,其核心目标之一便是通过大规模的公共工程项目,缓解失业危机,刺激经济复苏,并为国家基础设施的现代化奠定基础。在众多公共工程中,水坝的建设无疑是最为引人注目的。它们不仅是工程学的奇迹,更是国家意志和人类改造自然能力的象征。 这些水坝的建设,远非仅仅是为了发电或灌溉。它们承载着更深层的意义。在那个经济凋敝、士气低落的年代,这些大型工程的启动,为成千上万的失业工人提供了工作机会,重新点燃了他们对未来的希望。工人们冒着严酷的条件,用双手和汗水,将钢筋水泥塑造成了改变地理景观的庞然大物。他们的辛勤劳动,不仅创造了就业,更在某种程度上修复了被经济危机撕裂的社会肌体。 《宏伟水坝:新政时代的变革力量》所勾勒的历史图景,将细致描绘水坝建设背后复杂的政治博弈与社会动力。从罗斯福总统的远见卓识,到公共事业振兴署(WPA)和公共工程管理局(PWA)等机构的运作,再到工程师、建筑师、工人和当地居民的参与,每一个层面都交织着故事。这些水坝的选址、设计和建造过程,往往伴随着激烈的辩论,涉及土地征用、环境影响、以及不同地区和群体之间的利益协调。 更重要的是,这些水坝对美国西部地区的发展产生了不可估量的影响。它们不仅为干旱地区带来了宝贵的灌溉水源,使得曾经荒芜的土地焕发生机,成为重要的农业生产区,也为新兴的工业中心提供了充足的电力,推动了经济的增长和人口的集聚。例如,田纳西河流域管理局(TVA)的建立,通过一连串水坝的综合开发,不仅控制了洪水,改善了航运,还为该地区带来了电力,极大地提升了当地居民的生活水平,并成为区域经济发展的一个典范。科罗拉多河上的胡佛水坝,更是改变了美国西南部的地理格局,为拉斯维加斯等城市的崛起奠定了基础。 本书的叙述将不仅仅停留在工程技术的层面,而是会深入探讨水坝建设所带来的社会变革。它们重新塑造了社区,改变了人们的生活方式,甚至影响了美国的国家认同。水坝的建成,象征着一个强大、有能力且能够克服一切困难的国家形象,也反映了新政时期政府在经济和社会发展中的积极作用。 同时,水坝建设也并非没有争议。对环境的影响,对原住民土地的征用,以及建设过程中出现的安全问题和腐败传闻,都构成了这段历史中不可忽视的面向。本书将力求展现一个全面而 nuanced 的图景,既肯定了水坝的成就,也正视了其伴随而来的挑战和代价。 《宏伟水坝:新政时代的变革力量》所呈现的,是一段关于梦想、野心、辛勤劳动和深刻变革的历史。它讲述了美国如何在面对前所未有的危机时,以一种前所未有的方式,通过改造自然来重塑自身。这些宏伟的水坝,不仅仅是静止的建筑,它们是历史的活证,是那个时代精神的凝结,是新政遗产中最为坚实和持久的一部分。通过对这段历史的回顾,我们能够更好地理解那个充满挑战与机遇的年代,以及它如何塑造了今天的美国。

作者简介

DAVID P. BILLINGTON, Professor of Civil Engineering at Princeton University, is the author of The Tower and the Bridge and Robert Maillart's Bridges: The Art of Engineering, winner of the 1979 Dexter Prize as the outstanding book on the history of technology.

Donald C. Jackson, Starkville, Mississippi, is the Sharp Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Fisheries at Mississippi State University. He served as a US Peace Corps volunteer in Malaysia, attended Lexington Theological Seminary, and was pastor of New Liberty Christian Church, Disciples of Christ. He is a past president of the Mississippi Wildlife Federation and the American Fisheries Society. An avid duck hunter and fisherman, he is the author of "Tracks" and "Wilder Ways", both published by University Press of Mississippi.

Donald C. Jackson, Starkville, Mississippi, is the Sharp Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Fisheries at Mississippi State University. He served as a US Peace Corps volunteer in Malaysia, attended Lexington Theological Seminary, and was pastor of New Liberty Christian Church, Disciples of Christ. He is a past president of the Mississippi Wildlife Federation and the American Fisheries Society. An avid duck hunter and fisherman, he is the author of "Tracks" and "Wilder Ways", both published by University Press of Mississippi.

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