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The beginning of global commerce in the early modern period had an enormous impact on European culture, changing the very way people perceived the world around them. Merchants and Marvels assembles essays by leading scholars of cultural history, art history, and the history of science and technology to show how ideas about the representation of nature, in both art and science, underwent a profound transformation between the age of the Renaissance and the early 1700s. The essays address intriguing topics like the Dutch tulip-mania of 1637, the relationship between alchemy and commercial exchange in the Holy Roman Empire, the traffic in "curiosities" in Italy, and how Spanish sea charts reflected territorial claims in the 1500s. Antonio Barrera, James A. Bennett, Klaas van Berkel, Harold, J. Cook, Paula Findlen, Anne Goldgar, Deborah Harkness, Thomas DaCosta Kaufmann, Pamela Long, Mark Meadow, Chandra Mukerji, Tara Nummedal,

Pamela H. Smith is Associate Professor of History at Pomona College and the Claremont Graduate University. She is the author of The Business of Alchemy: Science and Culture in the Holy Roman Empire, winner of the 1995 Pfizer Prize in the History of Science.

Paula Findlen is Professor of History and Director of the Science, Technology and Society Program at Stanford University. She is the author of Possessing Nature: Museums, Collecting, and Scientific Culture in Early Modern Italy, winner of the 1995 Marroro Prize in Italian History and 1996 Pfizer Prize in the History of Science.

Introduction, Commerce and the Representation of Nature in Art and Science / Pamela H. Smith and Paula Findlen
Part 1. Struggling with Reality: Visualizing Nature and Producing Knowledge
1. Splendor in the grass: the powers of nature and the art in the age or Dürer / Larry Silver and Pamela H. Smith --
2. Objects of art, objects of nature: visual representation and the investigation of nature / Pamela O. Long --
3. Mirroring the world: sea charts, navigation, and territorial claims in sixteenth-century Spain / Alison Sandman --
4. From blowfish to flower still life paintings: classification and its images, circa 1600 / Claudia Swan --
5. "Strange" ideas and "English" knowledge: natural science exchange in Elizabethan London / Deborah E. Harkness --
Part 2. Networks of Knowledge: Commerce and the Represntation of Nature
6. Local herbs, global medicines: commerce, knowledge, and commodities in Spanish America / Antonio Barrera --
7. Merchants and marvels: Hans Jacob Fugger and the origins of the Wunderkammer / Mark A. Meadow --
8. Practical alchemy and commercial exchange in the Holy Roman Empire / Tara E. Nummedal --
9, Time's bodies: crafting the preparation and the preservation of naturalia / Harold J. Cook --
10. Cartography, entrepreneurialism, and power in the reign of Louis XIV: the case of the Canal du Midi / Chandra Mukerji --
11. "Cornelius Meijer inventor et fecit": on the representation of science in late seventeenth-century Rome / Klaas van Berkel --
Part 3. Consumption, Art, and Science
12. Inventing nature: commerce, art and science in the early modern cabinet of curiosities / Paula Findlen --
13. Nature as art: the case of the tulip / Anne Goldgar --
14. Inventing exoticism: the project of Dutch geography and the marketing of the world, circa 1700 / Benjamin Schmidt --
14. Shopping for instruments in Paris and London / James A. Bennett --
Epilogues
A world of wonders, a world of one / Lisa Roberts --
Questions of representation / Thomas Dacosta Kaufmann.
Contributors
Index
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