We usually consider literary thinking to be peripheral and dispensable, an activity for specialists: poets, prophets, lunatics, and babysitters. Certainly we do not think it is the basis of the mind. We think of stories and parables from Aesop's Fables or The Thousand and One Nights, for example, as exotic tales set in strange lands, with spectacular images, talking animals, and fantastic plots--wonderful entertainments, often insightful, but well removed from logic and science, and entirely foreign to the world of everyday thought. But Mark Turner argues that this common wisdom is wrong. The literary mind--the mind of stories and parables--is not peripheral but basic to thought. Story is the central principle of our experience and knowledge. Parable--the projection of story to give meaning to new encounters--is the indispensable tool of everyday reason. Literary thought makes everyday thought possible. This book makes the revolutionary claim that the basic issue for cognitive science is the nature of literary thinking.
In The Literary Mind, Turner ranges from the tools of modern linguistics, to the recent work of neuroscientists such as Antonio Damasio and Gerald Edelman, to literary masterpieces by Homer, Dante, Shakespeare, and Proust, as he explains how story and projection--and their powerful combination in parable--are fundamental to everyday thought. In simple and traditional English, he reveals how we use parable to understand space and time, to grasp what it means to be located in space and time, and to conceive of ourselves, other selves, other lives, and other viewpoints. He explains the role of parable in reasoning, in categorizing, and in solving problems. He develops a powerful model of conceptual construction and, in a far-reaching final chapter, extends it to a new conception of the origin of language that contradicts proposals by such thinkers as Noam Chomsky and Steven Pinker. Turner argues that story, projection, and parable precede grammar, that language follows from these mental capacities as a consequence. Language, he concludes, is the child of the literary mind.
Offering major revisions to our understanding of thought, conceptual activity, and the origin and nature of language, The Literary Mind presents a unified theory of central problems in cognitive science, linguistics, neuroscience, psychology, and philosophy. It gives new and unexpected answers to classic questions about knowledge, creativity, understanding, reason, and invention.
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坦白说,这本书的开篇略显晦涩,需要读者付出额外的耐心去适应作者构建的独特语境。然而,一旦你跨过了那道门槛,你会发现自己进入了一个充满奇异光影的殿堂。它更像是一份关于人类认知边界的探险日志,充满了对未知领域的好奇与敬畏。作者似乎对心理学、认知科学有着深厚的积累,但她从不卖弄学问,而是将这些知识熔铸进她对艺术和思考过程的描绘之中,使得理论不再是冰冷的公式,而是活生生的体验。我特别喜欢它对“非线性思维”的赞美,那种拒绝被既有路径束缚,勇于在思维的荒野中开辟新路的勇气。文字的质感非常细腻,如同精雕细琢的微雕作品,每一个细节都处理得恰到好处,留白之处也充满了意味。它提供了一种全新的视角来审视我们日常的决策和创造行为,让人在合上书本后,依然能感受到思想的余温和一种微妙的解放感。
评分这本书的结构非常大胆,它没有采用传统意义上的线性叙事或清晰的章节划分,更像是一幅由无数碎片信息拼贴而成的马赛克画。这种结构本身就体现了作者对主题的深刻理解——即创造力往往是碎片化的、非线性的聚合体。初读时,可能会感到有些散乱,仿佛在迷宫中行走,但随着阅读的深入,你会发现那些看似无关的片段,是如何在潜意识层面相互呼应,最终形成一个宏大而统一的图景。作者的语言风格带着一种古典的庄重感,但其探讨的主题却是极度现代和前沿的,这种反差产生了奇特的化学作用,使得严肃的思辨变得富有美感。它成功地避免了陷入空泛的励志口号,而是聚焦于心智运作的实际机制。我尤其赞赏它对“抑制”与“释放”这对矛盾统一体的精彩论述,它为我理解艺术创作中的自我审查机制提供了极具启发性的框架。
评分这本书的叙事手法简直是天马行空,让我想起了那些在深夜里,独自坐在灯下,试图捕捉脑海中那些稍纵即逝的灵感的时刻。作者似乎拥有一种魔力,能够将那些抽象的、难以言喻的心灵波动,用极其具象的文字描绘出来。我尤其欣赏它对“顿悟”瞬间的刻画,那种从迷雾中豁然开朗的感觉,被描绘得丝丝入扣。你会感觉自己不仅仅是在阅读一个故事,更像是在参与一场深入的自我对话。文字的密度很高,需要反复咀嚼才能体会到其中蕴含的深意,那种感觉就像在剥开一个结构复杂的洋葱,每剥开一层,都能发现新的层次和味道。它不是那种可以让你快速浏览过去的作品,它要求你慢下来,去感受每一个词语的重量和它们之间微妙的张力。在阅读过程中,我时常会停下来,望着窗外,思考着作者抛出的那些关于创造力本质的问题,那种被激发出来的智力上的兴奋感,久久不能平息。它成功地营造了一种沉浸式的体验,让你仿佛置身于一个由纯粹思想构筑的世界里,既迷人又带着一丝令人敬畏的复杂性。
评分读完这本书,我有一种强烈的冲动,想要重新审视我过去对“天才”这个概念的理解。它并没有提供一个标准化的、可以套用的公式,而是像一位老练的哲学向导,带领我们探索那些潜藏在看似平庸日常之下的非凡驱动力。作者的论证逻辑极其严密,但又巧妙地包裹在流畅而富有韵律感的散文诗般的语言之下,使得那些原本可能枯燥的思辨过程,变得引人入胜。我特别欣赏它对“重复性劳动”与“突破性创新”之间辩证关系的探讨,那种深入到创作肌理层面的洞察,让人茅塞顿开。它不是在歌颂灵感的突现,而是在揭示那些需要持之以恒的、近乎苦修般的准备工作是如何最终促成那些伟大的飞跃的。这本书的行文节奏把握得相当到位,时而如急流般奔涌,时而又如深潭般沉静,完美地呼应了书中所探讨的“心流”状态的起伏不定。它无疑是那种可以放在案头,时常翻阅,每次都能从中汲取新养分的文本。
评分这本书读起来,更像是一次与一位学识渊博、同时又极富想象力的导师进行的一场深入的、不设防的对话。它的魅力在于其无可匹敌的洞察力,以及那种不带评判、纯粹观察的姿态。作者对那些伟大思想家的工作方式进行了近乎人类学的细致考察,但最终的目的不是模仿他们,而是激发读者去挖掘自己内心深处独有的“思维矿藏”。语言的驾驭能力令人叹为观止,既有哲学思辨的深度,又不失散文的流畅与灵动,那些比喻和类比总是恰到好处,为复杂的概念提供了绝佳的锚点。我读到它关于“对不确定性的拥抱”那一段时,感触最深,它精准地捕捉到了所有真正具有创造性的人所必须面对的内在张力——既渴望清晰的蓝图,又必须在混沌中航行。这本书像一束强光,穿透了我们对“成功人士”的刻板印象,直接照射到了思维的内核,让人感到既被挑战,又被深深地理解和赋能。
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