Alistair Cameron Crombie (4 November 1915 – 9 February 1996) was an Australian historian of science who began his career as a zoologist. He was noted for his contributions to research on competition between species before turning to history.

Born in Brisbane, Australia, Crombie studied at the universities of Melbourne and Cambridge. In the early 1950s, he taught at University College, London. In 1953, he was given a position at Oxford, as that school's first lecturer in the history of science. During Crombie's tenure at Oxford, the history of science was added to the graduate level offerings of Oxford's history faculty.[1]

During his career as a historian of science, Crombie identified thematic threads or "styles" in the development of European approaches to science. He published his ideas in 1994 in a definitive 3-volume work, entitled, Styles of Scientific Thinking in the European Tradition : The History of Argument and Explanation especially in the Mathematical and Biomedical Sciences and Arts. During his tenure he supervised several students, including Robert Fox (Professor of the History of Science, Oxford University), David M Knight (Professor of the History and Philosophy of Science, Durham University); German E Berrios (Professor of the Epistemology of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge) and Trevor Levere (Professor of the History of Science, University of Toronto).

Richly illuminating study of the Western scientific tradition from its decay after the collapse of the Roman Empire to its full reflowering in the 17th century. Topics include the incorporation of Greek and Arabic learning, criticism of Aristotle in the later Middle Ages and the Scientific Revolution itself. Over 60 illus. Introduction. Bibliography.

This is a very widely encompassing account of the evolution and development of science through history. The considerations of the sociopolitical and philosophical climates pertaining to the times gives the reader a basis of understanding why science progressed as it did. The account is very well organised and lucid, although it fails in some aspects to consider the contributions of the Far Eastern civilizations. It makes a very valuable contribution to help appreciate acutely the value of those who contributed to science's development.