Inventing Pollution 在线电子书 图书标签: 文化 历史
发表于2025-03-25
Inventing Pollution 在线电子书 pdf 下载 txt下载 epub 下载 mobi 下载 2025
Peter Thorsheim is an assistant professor of history at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Britain's supremacy in the nineteenth century depended in large part on its vast deposits of coal. This coal not only powered steam engines in factories, ships, and railway locomotives but also warmed homes and cooked food. As coal consumption skyrocketed, the air in Britain's cities and towns became filled with ever-greater and denser clouds of smoke. In this far-reaching study, Peter Thorsheim explains that, for much of the nineteenth century, few people in Britain even considered coal smoke to be pollution. To them, pollution meant miasma: invisible gases generated by decomposing plant and animal matter. Far from viewing coal smoke as pollution, most people considered smoke to be a valuable disinfectant, for its carbon and sulfur were thought capable of rendering miasma harmless. Inventing Pollution examines the radically new understanding of pollution that emerged in the late nineteenth century, one that centered not on organic decay but on coal combustion. This change, as Peter Thorsheim argues, gave birth to the smoke-abatement movement and to new ways of thinking about the relationships among humanity, technology, and the environment.
直到20世纪最初那几年,也就是英国工业革命开始一百多年以后,英国人才开始发现驱动蒸汽机的煤炭燃烧排放出来的煤烟与水汽化形成的雾不是同一种物质,并将其命名为“烟雾”(smog)。 在过去,人们常常将煤烟和水汽的混合物笼统地称作雾。 在时人眼里,城里的雾与乡村的雾是不...
评分认知改变环境 人类在认知态度上的差别真是很大。在面对一些以前未见过或者完全陌生的事物时,有一些人会坦诚地去面对,去发现,最终将陌生变成熟悉,让未见成为常态;而有些人则排斥这种未知,拒绝这种陌生,于是他们逐渐地落后于社会,活在他们认为的一个小圈子之中;还有些...
评分直到20世纪最初那几年,也就是英国工业革命开始一百多年以后,英国人才开始发现驱动蒸汽机的煤炭燃烧排放出来的煤烟与水汽化形成的雾不是同一种物质,并将其命名为“烟雾”(smog)。 在过去,人们常常将煤烟和水汽的混合物笼统地称作雾。 在时人眼里,城里的雾与乡村的雾是不...
评分直到20世纪最初那几年,也就是英国工业革命开始一百多年以后,英国人才开始发现驱动蒸汽机的煤炭燃烧排放出来的煤烟与水汽化形成的雾不是同一种物质,并将其命名为“烟雾”(smog)。 在过去,人们常常将煤烟和水汽的混合物笼统地称作雾。 在时人眼里,城里的雾与乡村的雾是不...
Inventing Pollution 在线电子书 pdf 下载 txt下载 epub 下载 mobi 下载 2025