67<br >144<br >161<br >195<br >201<br >Preface<br >I<br >"he Carnegie Council on Higher Education has had a continuing<br >nterest in the welfare of the private sector of higher education.<br > In More Than Survival (1975)， we expressed concern for the<br >health of the private s~~tor，" spoke of it as "one of the main sources<br >f strength" of higher education， and regretted that "the rules of the<br >game are r<br > In T<br >recommen<br >ow too often unfair to the private sector."<br >ie Federal Role in Postsecondar32 Education (1975)， we<br >ted an expansion of the State Student Incentive Grant<br >(SSIG) program of the federal government and pioneered in<br >proposing a federal program of tuition equalization grants.<br > In Low or No Tuition (1975a)， we were concerned with the<br >tuition gap between private and public institutions.<br > In The States and Higher Education (1976)， we set forth， as one<br >of our five major concerns， the preservation of the private sector. We<br >noted its great contributions to diversity and to excellence.<br > This present report comes after the realization， in the early<br >1970s， that the financial situation of many private institutions of<br >higher education was precarious and after early efforts of the states<br >(and the federal government) to provide assistance. It precedes what<br >will be the intensified problems of the 1980s and early 1990s. It seeks<br >to present the situation as it now exists， to evaluate the programs<br >undertaken to date， and to make recommendations for future action.<br > We are concerned here chiefly with the responsibilities of the<br >states toward undergraduate education within nonprofit private<br >universities， comprehensive institutions， and liberal arts colleges.<br >Since graduate study and research activities within universities are<br ><br >