FOREWORD
dilemmas that accompany such awesome power.
If a life can be saved now by an artificial organ, whose life should it be, and on
what basis should we decide? If a dying individual can be sustained on a respirator
to a point where the distinction between life and death is blurred, how shall we
examine when the border of no return has been passed, and by whose criteria and
under whose authority will treatment be terminated? When antisepsis permits us to
do unheard-of surgery of sweeping and dramatic power to save the life of a cancer
patient, how shall we decide if the radical deformity which extends life is worth the
extra days of living for the mutilated patient? How are we to equate the number of
clays a patient survives with the quality of those days?
These are only some of the tragic dilemmas considered in this book. We are all
now-by demand, not choice--philosophers in pursuit of an evasive truth.
Medicine has forced a renewed interest in ethics, and all of us--physicians,
philosophers, and citizens who inevitably will be caught up in these decisions--are
groping for answers.
The answers do not come easily, and each resolution involves a compromise in
which something treasured--privacy, autonomy, days of life--may have to be
abandoned to preserve something else equally treasured--a sense of justice,
human dignity, the common good. I tend to distrust anyone who is comfortable with
any decision in these areas. They are hard choices, and most of us come to our
conclusions reluctantly, with a sense of anguish and humiliation. And so it should be
when one deals with life and death.
The cases offered here are presented in an adversarial way to sharpen your
awareness of the dilemmas involved. Every attempt has been made to play with a
fair deck, by having the strongest and best case made on each side of the issue. It is
hoped that by the time you have finished this book you will be fully aware of the
extraordinary extent of the problems that have been created by the Biological
Revolution--that you will be informed of the major decisions that you, not some
experts, will be called upon to make in the not too distant future, either directly in
your personal life or through your legislative representatives. Finally, it is hoped
that, as a testament to any good educative effort, on completion of this book you will
be left with fewer, rather than more, answers.
Willard Gaylin, M.D.
President, The Hastings Center
xi
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这本书的封面设计着实引人注目,那种强烈的对比色调和略显粗粝的排版,一下子就抓住了我的眼球。我记得当时在书店里,它就那么静静地立在那里,却仿佛在无声地向每一个路过的潜在读者发出挑战:“你真的准备好面对这些了吗?” 这绝对不是那种温吞水似的、试图面面俱到的教科书,它散发着一种锐气和不妥协的姿态,让人立刻意识到,接下来的阅读之旅将不会是坦途。翻开扉页,那种印刷的墨香混合着纸张特有的干燥气息,扑面而来,给我一种触碰“硬核”议题的预感。装帧的质感也相当扎实,一看就是可以经受住反复翻阅和被带到各种场合激烈讨论的材料。它给人的第一印象是:这是一本“行动派”的书,它不满足于简单的陈述事实,它似乎更渴望点燃一场辩论的火花。这种视觉和触觉上的体验,完美地为接下来的内容定下了基调——准备好,我们要直面冲突了。
评分读完合上书本的那一刻,我并没有感觉到知识上的“圆满”,反而体会到一种强烈的“精神上的扩张”。这本书并没有给我提供停泊的港湾,而是将我的思维之船推向了更广阔、更波涛汹涌的海洋。它带来的不是“我学到了什么”,而是“我不再能以从前的方式思考了”。以前看待某些社会议题,我可能会迅速站队;现在,我发现自己会下意识地在脑海中模拟出两个对立阵营的发言稿,并试图挑出其中最难攻破的那一点。这种习惯的改变,是这本书最深远的馈赠。它成功地将阅读行为,转化成了一种持续性的自我审视和批判性参与,远超出了一个普通阅读材料所能达到的效用。我推荐给所有厌倦了“正确答案”的人。
评分阅读体验上,这本书最成功的地方在于它对于“立场”的刻画极其到位。我不是在读一篇篇论述,而更像是潜入了一场场精心编排的、高智商的对垒现场。作者们(或者说编者们)的功力在于,他们巧妙地将那些晦涩难懂的伦理困境,拆解成了两个看似都“有理有据”的极端观点。每次读完一个主题的A面,我都会拍案而起,觉得“对,就是这个道理,不容置疑!” 但紧接着,当你翻到B面,那种逻辑的严谨性和情感的冲击力,又会让你瞬间陷入自我怀疑的泥潭。这种来回拉扯的阅读过程,极大地锻炼了我的思辨能力,它强迫我必须跳出自己舒适区的道德框架,去真正理解那些与我相悖的视角背后的支撑逻辑。这不仅仅是知识的吸收,更像是一场智力上的“拔河比赛”,让人筋疲力尽却又回味无穷,因为你无法简单地把任何一方打入“异端”的行列。
评分这本书的语言风格和学术严谨度,让人感到非常“可靠”。尽管它探讨的是充满争议和情感色彩的话题,但论证过程却始终保持着一种令人尊敬的学术距离感。没有过多的煽情或空洞的口号,取而代之的是对现有法律框架、哲学思辨,乃至新兴科学数据的扎实引用。我特别欣赏其中对于“灰色地带”的描述——作者们从不试图提供一个“标准答案”,他们更专注于清晰地勾勒出界限是如何被模糊,以及为什么这些模糊地带会成为伦理学家们争论的焦点。这种拒绝简单化的态度,让我在阅读过程中始终保持着一种被尊重的专业感。它像一位严厉的导师,不断地在你试图草率下结论时,轻敲桌子,提醒你:“请再深入一层,看看支撑这个论点的基础是否稳固。”
评分这本书的结构安排简直是一门艺术。它没有采用时间顺序或者主题的递进关系,而是采取了一种高度碎片化、却又精心调配的“口味”组合。有时,前一个章节还在激烈地讨论基因编辑的边界,下一章可能就骤然转向了临终关怀的个体自主权,这种跳跃感看似随机,实则高明。它避免了读者在单一议题上产生审美疲劳,也有效地模拟了现实世界中伦理困境的无序和突发性。更重要的是,这种布局迫使我——作为读者——主动去寻找不同议题之间的潜在联系和张力。我开始在脑海中构建自己的“思维地图”,试图将关于人工智能的伦理讨论,与生命起始的讨论进行交叉比对,从而发现了许多书本上没有明确指出的“深层矛盾点”。这本选材的广度和深度的平衡掌握得非常精妙,能让你在不同层面上保持高度的警觉性。
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