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Contents
1. Introduction 1
The Dominance of Sinusoidal Tones 2
The Predilection for a “Microscopic” Approach 3
The Preference for the Psychophysical Aspects of Perception 6
Abstractions from “Dirty” Everyday Conditions 7
Discussion 9
Conclusions 11
2. The Perception of Single Sounds 12
The Ear as a Frequency Analyzer 13
Timbre as the Characteristic Quality of Tones 19
The Search for Pitch 25
The Stability of Loudness 29
Discussion 30
Conclusions 33
3. The Perception of Multiple Sounds 34
The Continuity Effect 35
Segregation of a Sequence of Sounds Into Two Sound Streams 40
Restoration of Speech Segments Replaced by Noise 46
Perceiving Temporal Order 48
The Seemingly Odd Phenomenon of Comodulation Masking Release 51
The Benefit of Listening With Two Ears 54
Discussion 56
Conclusions 59
4. Speech Perception 1: The Quest for Speech Units 60
The Dream of Visible Speech 61
The Phonemes as Letters of an Alphabet 63
Coarticulation: A Natural Rather Than a Disturbing Phenomenon 70
How Infants Learn to Speak 74
How Children Learn to Read 77
The Alphabet as a Unique Invention 82
Discussion 86
Conclusions 92
5. Speech Perception 2: The Intelligibility of Fluent Speech 93
The Variance of the Speech Signal 94
The Redundancy of the Speech Signal 100
The Significance of Context 104
Mental Lexicon and Lexical Access 111
The Role of Context in Reading 115
The Effects of Disturbing Noise 120
Discussion 125
Conclusions 129
6. Hearing Research in Perspective 131
Four Types of Bias 131
Sound Perception Is Categorical Perception 137
Sound Perception as a Form of Object Perception 141
The Prominence as Well as the Flexibility of Timbre 145
Theoretical Speculations 149
References 155
Author Index 167
Subject Index
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