Edward Palmer Thompson was a British historian, writer, socialist and peace campaigner. He is probably best known today for his historical work on the British radical movements in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, in particular The Making of the English Working Class (1963). He also published influential biographies of William Morris (1955) and (posthumously) William Blake (1993) and was a prolific journalist and essayist. He also published the novel The Sykaos Papers and a collection of poetry.

Thompson was one of the principal intellectuals of the Communist Party in Great Britain. Although he left the party in 1956 over the Soviet invasion of Hungary, he nevertheless remained a "historian in the Marxist tradition," calling for a rebellion against Stalinism as a prerequisite for the restoration of communists' "confidence in our own revolutionary perspectives". Thompson played a key role in the first New Left in Britain in the late 1950s. He was a vociferous left-wing socialist critic of the Labour governments of 1964–70 and 1974–79, and during the 1980s, he was the leading intellectual light of the movement against nuclear weapons in Europe.

The essays in this book were, with one exception, written between 1970 and 1980. They concern such matters as the miners' strike of 1972; Sir Harold Wilson's apologetics and the referendum about "going to Europe"; the ABC Official Secrets Trial of 1978 and the current attack on the jury system. The last two essays restate the case for policies of active neutrality. The essays vary in style and give scope for the author's talent for satire and polemic as well as for measured political analysis. All are concerned with the means employed today to manufacture what is then offered as a consensus of "public opinion". They are also concerned with the increasingly authoritarian measures and ideology of the British state. As Thompson writes: "For two decades the state, whether under Conservative or Labour administrations, has been taking liberties, and these liberties were once ours."