Meditations on First Philosophy pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025

Meditation I：普遍怀疑 第一沉思的核心在于“普遍怀疑”。 其目标是为了在科学上建立某种坚定可靠、经久不变的基础，因而需要通过普遍怀疑把过去信以为真的见解统统清除，从根本上重新开始。而在具体方法上，笛卡尔认为不需要通过对一个个具体见解的分析来一一排除，而只...  

onenote格式无法复制上来所以放个图方便以后自己看 1.第一个沉思：论可以引起怀疑的事物 为科学寻找一个不可置疑的持久的基础，从清除一切理所当然的见解开始。 只要有可疑之处的都应被抛弃；从旧见解所根据的原则开始→感官 感官不仅在远距离的东西上骗人，在切身的感受上也有...  

【按语：Descartes（1596-1650）的《第一哲学沉思集：论上帝的存在和人的灵魂与肉体之间的实在区别》（1641）正文虽然篇幅不长，却是划时代的巨著：一方面，心灵在纯粹的反思中通过作为表象的观念把握到自我、物质和上帝并做出区分。这一认识论路径直接规定了斯宾诺莎、莱布尼...  

得到听书: 笛卡尔本人 笛卡尔（1596-1650），法国哲学家，被誉为“现代哲学之父”，同时还是著名的数学家和物理学家，他用“我思故我在”的精彩论证为现代哲学重新奠基，还发明了平面直角坐标系、解析几何等数学工具，发现了光的折射原理，解释了风、雨、云、彩虹等自然现象的...  

I truly admire Descartes' geometrical method of metaphysical quest, but as he claimed that the idea of God is innate, there rose in me an idea that this is just Descartes' failure of eliminating the Christian bullshit Europe had been feeding him. The idea of God originates from the human desire for an ultimate and perfect cause, which isn't innate.

读得最认真的一本原著，从来没有那么仔细的读过一本书。此书现已被偷

I truly admire Descartes' geometrical method of metaphysical quest, but as he claimed that the idea of God is innate, there rose in me an idea that this is just Descartes' failure of eliminating the Christian bullshit Europe had been feeding him. The idea of God originates from the human desire for an ultimate and perfect cause, which isn't innate.

读得最认真的一本原著，从来没有那么仔细的读过一本书。此书现已被偷

I truly admire Descartes' geometrical method of metaphysical quest, but as he claimed that the idea of God is innate, there rose in me an idea that this is just Descartes' failure of eliminating the Christian bullshit Europe had been feeding him. The idea of God originates from the human desire for an ultimate and perfect cause, which isn't innate.