This book argues that the Islamic crisis will not abate until culturally authentic institutions are created within Islamic societies to instil an Islamic ethic of citizenship.Terrorist attacks around the world and persistent violence in the Islamic world point to a crisis in Islamic society, which "States without Citizens" attributes to an unfulfilled quest for an Islamic renaissance. The Islamic states, whose borders were arbitrarily imposed by Western states, are beset by pervasive socio-economic problems - authoritarian rule, economic inequities, educational shortcomings, development project failures, sexual frustration - that are being exploited by radical Islamists. Native attempts to modernise Islamic society by adopting Western ways have repeatedly foundered because they have sought to replicate the trappings of state power while neglecting their foundation in civic ethics.The ideals of civic activism and public service that inspired the Western Renaissance are absent in the Islamic world. Islamic religious and moral ethics aim at salvation and Islamic social ethics aim at clan dominance. Western-inspired solutions to the Islamic crisis are inappropriate to Islamic states, as they are "states without citizens." To mitigate the violence engendered by the Islamic crisis, culturally authentic institutions must be created which will instil a set of ethics of common cause and public service. The author recommends this approach for policy makers and development managers and deplores the dangerous vacuity of such drumbeat cliches as the "clash of civilizations" that have gained currency in "the war on terrorism."