果戈理（Н.В. Гоголъ, 1809-1852）是俄国批判现实主义文学界的奠基人，被车尔尼雪夫斯基称之为“俄罗斯散文之父”。他出生于乌克兰一个不太富裕 的地主家庭。他所处的19世纪上半期，正是俄国农奴制瓦解和资本主义生产关系发展的时期。1830年开始了他的创作生涯年，第一部浪漫主义故事集《狄康卡近乡夜话》，引起了当时进步文学界的注意，1835年，发表了中篇小说集《密尔格拉德》和《彼得堡的故事》，给作者带来了声誉。在描写“小人物”悲惨命运方面的作品中，以《狂人日记》、《外套》最有代表性。1836年发表了讽刺喜剧《钦差大臣》，以现实主义手法，深刻而无情地揭露了官僚集团恣意横行，违法乱纪的丑恶面貌，获得了惊人的成功。1842年发表的《死魂灵》，辛辣地讽刺、暴露了地主阶级的贪婪和残暴，描绘了一幅丑恶、腐朽的专制农奴制画卷。

'Rus! Russ!...Everything within you is open, desolate, and flat; your squat towns barely protrude above the level of your wide plains, marking them like little dots, like specks; here is nothing to entice and fascinate the onlooker's gaze. Yet whence this unfathomable, uncanny force that draws me to you?' Although Dead Souls (1842) was largely composed by Gogol during self-imposed exile in Italy in the late 1830s, his last work remains to this day the most essentially Russian of all the great novels in Russian literature. As we follow its hero Chichikov, a dismissed civil servant turned unscrupulous confidence man, about the Russian countryside in pursuit of his shady enterprise, there unfolds before us a gallery of characters worthy in comic range of Chaucer, Rabelais, Fielding and Sterne. With its rich and ebullient language, ironic twists and startling juxtapositions, Dead Souls stands as one of the most dazzling and poetic masterpieces of the nineteenth century. This brilliant new translation by Christopher English is complemented by a superb introductory essay by the pre-eminent Gogol scholar, Robert Maguire.