Introduction
0.1 The term FPEP
0.2 Problems and aims
0.3 Assumptions and methods
0.4 Evidence and conventions
0.5 Summary and outline of this book
Chapter 1 The Theoretical Framework
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Meaning and grammar
1.3 Mechanisms of historical change
1.4 Grammatiealization and diachronie comparison
1.5 Summary
Chapter 2 Prior and Current Work on FPEPs and Grammaticalization
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Studies on grammaticalization
2.3 Backgrounds of the study on FPEPs
2.4 Major contemporary issues
2.5 Summary
Chapter 3 The Development of FP + MSV Epistemic Parentheticals
3.1 Introduction
3.2 FP + MSV epistemie parentheticals in PDE & MdMand/97
3.3 The development of FP + MSV EPs in English
3.4 The development of FP + MSV EPs in Chinese
3.5 Summary
Chapter 4 The Development of FP + SAV Epistemic Parentheticals
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Speech act verbs and performative verbs
4.3 FP + SAV epistemic parentheticals in PDE & MdMand
4.4 The development of FP + SAV EPs in English
4.5 The development of FP + SAV EPs in Chinese
4.6 Summary
Chapter 5 The Development of FP + SPV Epistemic Parentheticals
5.1 Introduction
5.2 FP + SPV epistemic parentheticals in PDE & MdMand
5.3 The development of FP + SPV EPs in English
5.4 The development of FP + SAV EPs in Chinese
5.5 Summary
Chapter 6 Comparison： Diaehronie Universals and Diaehronie Typology
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Diachronic comparison ： granmaaticalization of FPEPs
6.3 Synchronic comparison： FPEPs in the two languages and three sources
6.4 Diachronic universals and diachronic typology
6.5 Summary
Conclusion
Appendices
Bibliography
Acknowledgements
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