The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) is a private,
nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished schol-
ars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated
to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use
for the general welfare. Under the authority of the charter
granted to it by Congress in 1863, the Academy has a work-
ing mandate that calls on it to advise the federal government
on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts is
president of the NAS.
The National Academy of Engineering (NAE) was es-
tablished in 1964, under the charter of the NAS, as a paral-
lel organization of distinguished engineers. It is autono-
mous in its administration and in the selection of members,
sharing with the NAS its responsibilities for advising the
federal government. The National Academy of Engineering
also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting na-
tional needs, encourages education and research, and rec-
ognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Harold
Liebowitz is president of the NAE.
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) was established in
1970 by the NAS to secure the services of eminent members
of appropriate professions in the examination of policy mat-
ters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts
under the responsibility given to the NAS in its congres-
sional charter to be an adviser to the federal government
and, on its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care,
research, and education. Dr. Kenneth I. Shine is president of
the IOM.
The Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public
Policy (COSEPUP) is a joint committee of the NAS, the NAE,
and the IOM. It includes current and former members of the
councils of all three bodies.
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