East Asia Before the West 在線電子書 圖書標籤: 國際關係 曆史 東亞安全 朝貢體係 海外中國研究 政治學 Tribute System
發表於2024-11-22
East Asia Before the West 在線電子書 pdf 下載 txt下載 epub 下載 mobi 下載 2024
stability of hierarchy
評分開場稱是政治學而非史學著作已在推脫責任。大架構偷龍轉鳳布爾之無政府社會(且居然不引用):東亞已有成型國際社會,含整套政治經濟秩序(朝貢外交貿易體係)、文化規範社會地位(儒學與中國文化)、層級統治(中國霸權)。但如此則又無法分清結構/製度觀與作者強調之文化觀之關係,尤其朝貢體係中天下觀之突齣與局限。甚至可能整套體係本身就是反解釋、隻能解讀。與遊牧民族關係既決定中國對朝貢各國政策、又是測試國際社會體係社會化機製與包容度之關鍵(歐洲體係不能說消滅戰爭,但規範戰爭且以戰爭為解決社會衝突與規管新成員之規則),此處則直接將其歸為“身份不確定無法互動”之邊疆類型(事實上大量零散遊牧民族可能確實從未具備入天下法眼之基本條件),足見朝貢體係隻局限在可接受儒傢文化之處。名為從東亞看東亞,實際深入骨髓西方中心。
評分Looks who just discovered America in 2010! 要講曆史卻毫無曆史觀,對曆史事件的解讀太膚淺。我可以接受隻講四國之間的關係,但即使是四國間的變數也已經大到他的理論無法解釋,更不用說要apply到整個東亞。在分析壬辰之後的日本對朝心態時竟然引用韓國學者的結論。
評分好問題好框架,但迴答得不深入,範圍過大。最大的缺陷是把和遊牧民族的衝突作為外生變量,開頭說江憶恩不對,後來發現不能自圓其說瞭,又說江有道理……
評分作者是研究國際關係而非曆史,所以主要運用二手資料。從現實齣現在曆史中尋找東亞較少發生戰爭的原因:主要是一個共同認可的儒傢思想和朝貢體係(而朝貢體係基本是國與國之間的貿易),感覺有點簡化曆史。最後的conclusion不知道是為瞭好齣版還是如何,說中國雖然很強,可是還是不太可能做東亞的霸主,因為美國不允許 (????)
康燦雄,美國南加州大學國際關係與貿易教授、韓國研究所主任,曾為跨國公司和政府提供谘詢服務。
陳昌煦,北京大學外交學博士,北京大學中國戰略研究中心主任助理。
From the founding of the Ming dynasty in 1368 to the start of the Opium Wars in 1841, China has engaged in only two large-scale conflicts with its principal neighbors, Korea, Vietnam, and Japan. These four territorial and centralized states have otherwise fostered peaceful and long-lasting relationships with one another, and as they have grown more powerful, the atmosphere around them has stabilized.
Focusing on the role of the "tribute system" in maintaining stability in East Asia and in fostering diplomatic and commercial exchange, Kang contrasts this history against the example of Europe and the East Asian states' skirmishes with nomadic peoples to the north and west. Although China has been the unquestioned hegemon in the region, with other political units always considered secondary, the tributary order entailed military, cultural, and economic dimensions that afforded its participants immense latitude. Europe's "Westphalian" system, on the other hand, was based on formal equality among states and balance-of-power politics, resulting in incessant interstate conflict.
Scholars tend to view Europe's experience as universal, but Kang upends this tradition, emphasizing East Asia's formal hierarchy as an international system with its own history and character. This approach not only recasts our understanding of East Asian relations but also defines a model that applies to other hegemonies outside the European order.
Eurocentrism is prevalent in developing theories of international relations, most notably exemplified by the central concept of sovereignty in the Westphalian system, which is labeled with equality in interstate relations. David Kang challenges this bias by...
評分观点还是挺鲜明的。感觉研究东亚各国关系史最大的麻烦就是是否能找出一个完全覆盖住所有时期所有事例的框架,也就是说,总是有例外出现。不过历史本身就是流动的,朝贡体制就像一件外衣,不可能时时都符合体型。 个人比较赞同东亚各国(尤其是网络上)有关历史文化的争论与冲突...
評分观点还是挺鲜明的。感觉研究东亚各国关系史最大的麻烦就是是否能找出一个完全覆盖住所有时期所有事例的框架,也就是说,总是有例外出现。不过历史本身就是流动的,朝贡体制就像一件外衣,不可能时时都符合体型。 个人比较赞同东亚各国(尤其是网络上)有关历史文化的争论与冲突...
評分有评论说本书史实错误较多,可对于业余读者而言,本书的论述还是让人耳目一新的。在西方歪风传到东亚之前,中、日、韩、越诸国大体上相安无事,基于朝贡体制的外交关系让各国互贸互利,儒家文化更是让各国的价值观趋于一同,倒是西风一吹,让各国不再淡定,特别是民族主义势头...
評分Eurocentrism is prevalent in developing theories of international relations, most notably exemplified by the central concept of sovereignty in the Westphalian system, which is labeled with equality in interstate relations. David Kang challenges this bias by...
East Asia Before the West 在線電子書 pdf 下載 txt下載 epub 下載 mobi 下載 2024