當一位跟他一道研究社會心理學和邏輯推理問題的中國學生有一天說瞭這樣一段話時,他深感震驚:“你知道,你我之間的差彆在於我認為世界是一個圓圈,而你認為它是一條直綫。中國人相信世界是在不斷變化的,但事物總是不斷地迴到其先前的狀態。他們關注許多現象,尋找事物之間的關係,他們認為不能瞭解整體你就不能理解局部。西方人生活的世界較為簡單、明確。他們把注意力放在突齣的物體或人上,而不是更全麵的現象上。他們認為他們可以控製事件的發生,因為他們瞭解支配事物行為的規律。”
From Publishers Weekly
This book may mark the beginning of a new front in the science wars. Nisbett, an eminent psychologist and co-author of a seminal Psychological Review paper on how people talk about their decision making, reports on some of his latest work in cultural psychology. He contends that "[h]uman cognition is not everywhere the same"-that those brought up in Western and East Asian cultures think differently from one another in scientifically measurable ways. Such a contention pits his work squarely against evolutionary psychology (as articulated by Steven Pinker and others) and cognitive science, which assume all appreciable human characteristics are "hard wired." Initial chapters lay out the traditional differences between Aristotle and Confucius, and the social practices that produced (and have grown out of) these differing "homeostatic approaches" to the world: Westerners tend to inculcate individualism and choice (40 breakfast cereals at the supermarket), while East Asians are oriented toward group relations and obligations ("the tall poppy is cut down" remains a popular Chinese aphorism). Next, Nisbett presents his actual experiments and data, many of which measure reaction times in recalling previously shown objects. They seem to show East Asians (a term Nisbett uses as a catch-all for Chinese, Koreans, Japanese and others) measurably more holistic in their perceptions (taking in whole scenes rather than a few stand-out objects). Westerners, or those brought up in Northern European and Anglo-Saxon-descended cultures, have a "tunnel-vision perceptual style" that focuses much more on identifying what's prominent in certain scenes and remembering it. Writing dispassionately yet with engagement, Nisbett explains the differences as "an inevitable consequence of using different tools to understand the world." If his explanation turns out to be generally accepted, it means a big victory for memes in their struggle with genes.
From Scientific American
Nisbett, a psychologist and Distinguished University Professor at the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, used to believe that "all human groups perceive and reason in the same way." A series of events and studies led him gradually to quite another view, that Asians and Westerners "have maintained very different systems of thought for thousands of years." Different how? "The collective or interdependent nature of Asian society is consistent with Asians' broad, contextual view of the world and their belief that events are highly complex and determined by many factors. The individualistic or independent nature of Western society seems consistent with the Western focus on particular objects in isolation from their context and with Westerners' belief that they can know the rules governing objects and therefore can control the objects' behavior." Nisbett explores areas that manifest these different approaches--among them medicine, law, science, human rights and international relations. Are the societal differences so great that they will lead to conflict? Nisbett thinks not. "I believe the twain shall meet by virtue of each moving in the direction of the other."
章节的标题是问题的形式,但是内容却并没有给出答案,甚至毫无联系 比如“为什么我们拿不到诺贝尔奖”这一章,我没有看出任何跟诺奖有关的信息。 但是,这都无所谓,标题什么只是形式而已,作者的观点还是很值得一看的。建议认真看下前三章,后面几章的结论你自己就可以推断出...
評分这本书主要是探讨东西方文明思维模式上的不同和原因。透过一系列的心理实验的结果,作者指出思维的差异源于由于文化,思维上亚洲文化注重整体性与和谐,西方文化注重理性分析与控制。例如:在医学上中医基本原理是人体整体的和谐运作,来医治病患。而西医注重透过外在药物或其...
評分一本从语言,从社会,文化,思维习惯,教育等各个方来描述中,美文化,人们的思维方式的书(从古代来说是古希腊和中国传统哲学的对比) 这本书从很宏观的角度来阐述了很多关键性区别的节点,比如思维方式,环境,社会对我们个人的人的影响,影响包括行为,思想。 本...
評分最近读了很多书,这本是最让我觉得物超所值的。生活在一个速食年代里,看书不再是细细品味、反复翻阅的一件事,而是轻松的随手一买、随性一读,这样没什么不好,毕竟爱好各不相同。 本书的作者是一位治学非常严谨的人,这本书乍一读来,你会感觉有些艰涩,但是静下心来,其中的...
中西方思維差異
评分通過實驗證據證明東西方的知覺與認知差異,並以此來詮釋與理解文化差異
评分雞、牛、草分兩組,你把哪兩個放一起?實驗發現東亞人傾嚮把牛草放一起;而英美人傾嚮把雞牛放一起。為何如此?這本書告訴你答案。
评分主中國和希臘為中心的亞洲和西方文化差異 從認知角度來寫的
评分I am just a particle, not a robe on the net. 快速掃過吧。。。有時間再迴味
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