The Open Society and Its Enemies, Vol. 1 在线电子书 pdf 下载 txt下载 epub 下载 mobi 下载 2024

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Karl R. Popper 作者

Princeton University Press

译者

1971-2-1 出版日期

368 页数

USD 29.95 价格

Paperback

丛书系列

9780691019680 图书编码

The Open Society and Its Enemies, Vol. 1 在线电子书图书标签: 哲学卡尔·波普尔社会学政治哲学政治学波普尔开放社会及其敌人 philosophy

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发表于2024-12-23

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The Open Society and Its Enemies, Vol. 1 在线电子书 epub 下载 mobi 下载 pdf 下载 txt 下载 2024

The Open Society and Its Enemies, Vol. 1 在线电子书 pdf 下载 txt下载 epub 下载 mobi 下载 2024

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关于土鳖奴隶主柏拉图的部落主义道德观、政治观的批判

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上部主要是写《理想国》中体现出来的极权主义。按作者的分析，柏拉图生活在一个动荡的时代，在经历了旧的氏族社会解体和伯罗奔尼撒战争带来的一系列社会变革和动荡后，柏拉图政治倾向保守，害怕变革，将理想寄托于历史上未受污染的社会原型。这一社会原型是阶层划分固化，各阶层安于接受自身地位的社会。为了阻止社会变动和政治衰败，需要通过教育，特别是灌输一套解释人生而不平等的迷信，来系统性地控制统治者的更替。在这个社会里，一切目的都是为了维护其国家制度，正义是指符合国家利益，个体是为了整体，而不是整体为了个人。波普尔认为柏拉图是极权主义和反人道的，认为其背叛了他的老师苏格拉底并系统性地歪曲了苏的学说。我第一次读《理想国》时，确实也读出来极权主义的感觉，但还是觉得波普尔过多地用了当代的观点去评价了柏拉图的时代。

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关于土鳖奴隶主柏拉图的部落主义道德观、政治观的批判

The Open Society and Its Enemies, Vol. 1 在线电子书著者简介

卡尔·波普尔爵士（Sir Karl Raimund Popper）是当代西方杰出的科学哲学家和社会哲学家。他的《历史决定论的贫困》（The Poverty of Historicism）和《开放社会及其敌人》（The Open Society and its Enemies）是西方民主思想宝库中的经典著作。波普尔曾经由于这两部书获得过英国女皇颁授的爵位。

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The Open Society and Its Enemies, Vol. 1 在线电子书图书描述

Popper was born in 1902 to a Viennese family of Jewish origin. He taught in Austria until 1937, when he emigrated to New Zealand in anticipation of the Nazi annexation of Austria the following year, and he settled in England in 1949. Before the annexation, Popper had written mainly about the philosophy of science, but from 1938 until the end of the Second World War he focused his energies on political philosophy, seeking to diagnose the intellectual origins of German and Soviet totalitarianism. "The Open Society and Its Enemies" was the result.In the book, Popper condemned Plato, Marx, and Hegel as "holists" and "historicists" - a holist, according to Popper, believes that individuals are formed entirely by their social groups; historicists believe that social groups evolve according to internal principles that it is the intellectual's task to uncover. Popper, by contrast, held that social affairs are unpredictable, and argued vehemently against social engineering. He also sought to shift the focus of political philosophy away from questions about who ought to rule toward questions about how to minimize the damage done by the powerful. The book was an immediate sensation, and - though it has long been criticized for its portrayals of Plato, Marx, and Hegel - it has remained a landmark on the left and right alike for its defense of freedom and the spirit of critical inquiry.

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