海明威（Ernest Hemingway，1899～1961）美国小说家、诺贝尔文学奖获得者。1899年7月21日生于芝加哥市郊橡胶园小镇。父亲是医生和体育爱好者，母亲从事音乐教育。6个兄弟姐妹中，他排行第二，从小酷爱体育、捕鱼和狩猎。中学毕业后曾去法国等地旅行，回国后当过见习记者。第一次大战爆发后，他志愿赴意大利当战地救护车司机。1918年夏在前线被炮弹炸成重伤，回国休养。后来去加拿大多伦多市星报任记者。1921年重返巴黎，结识美国女作家斯坦因、青年作家安德森和诗人庞德等。1923年发表处女作《三个短篇小说和十首诗》，随后游历欧洲各国。1926年出版了长篇小说《太阳照常升起》，初获成功，被斯坦因称为“迷惘的一代”。1929年，反映第一次世界大战的长篇巨著《永别了，武器》的问世给作家带来了声誉。 30年代初，海明威到非洲旅行和狩猎。1935年写成《非洲的青山》和一些短篇小说。 1937年发表了描写美国与古巴之间海上走私活动的小说《有钱人和没钱人》。西班牙内战期间，他3次以记者身份亲临前线，在炮火中写了剧本《第五纵队》，并创作了以美国人参加西班牙人民反法西斯战争为题材的长篇小说《丧钟为谁而鸣》（1940）。他曾与许多美国知名作家和学者捐款支援西班牙人民正义斗争。1941年偕夫人玛莎访问中国，支持我国抗日战争。后又以战地记者身份重赴欧洲，并多次参加战斗。战后客居古巴，潜心写作。1952年，《老人与海》问世，深受好评，翌年获普利策奖。1954年获诺贝尔文学奖。卡斯特罗掌权后，他离开古巴返美定居。因身上多处旧伤，百病缠身，精神忧郁， 1961年7月2日用猎枪自杀。 海明威去世后发表的遗作，主要有：《岛在湾流中》（1970）和《伊甸园》（1986）。他那独特的风格和塑造的硬汉子形象对现代欧美文学产生深远的影响。

Hemingway's classic novel of the First World War The best American novel to emerge from World War I, A Farewell to Arms is the unforgettable story of an American ambulance driver on the Italian front and his passion for a beautiful English nurse. Hemingway's frank portrayal of the love between Lieutenant Henry and Catherine Barkley, caught in the inexorable sweep of war, glows with an intensity unrivaled in modern literature, while his description of the German attack on Caporetto -- of lines of fired men marching in the rain, hungry, weary, and demoralized -- is one of the greatest moments in literary history. A story of love and pain, of loyalty and desertion, A Farewell to Arms, written when he was 30 years old, represents a new romanticism for Hemingway. Ernest Hemingway did more to change the style of English prose than any other writer in the twentieth century, and for his efforts he was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1954. Hemingway wrote in short, declarative sentences and was known for his tough, terse prose. Publication of The Sun Also Rises and A Farewell to Arms immediately established Ernest Hemingway as one of the greatest literary lights of the twentieth century. As part of the expatriate community in 1920s Paris, the former journalist and World War I ambulance driver began a career that lead to international fame. Hemingway was an aficionado of bullfighting and big-game hunting, and his main protagonists were always men and women of courage and conviction, who suffered unseen scars, both physical and emotional. He covered the Spanish Civil War, portraying it in fiction in his brilliant novel For Whom the Bell Tolls, and he subsequently covered World War II. His classic novella The Old Man and the Sea won the Pulitzer Prize in 1953. He died in 1961.