詹姆斯·麥格雷戈·伯恩斯（James MacGregor Buns），美國政治領導學研究的先驅，發錶瞭大量關於美國領導者的傳記和評論，並對美國政治領導體製有著深入的研究。曾當選美國政治學會主席和國際政治心理學會主席。

from: Wikipedia:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_MacGregor_Burns

James MacGregor Burns ( b. August 3, 1918 ) is a presidential biographer, authority on leadership studies, Woodrow Wilson Professor (emeritus) of Political Science at Williams College, and scholar at the James MacGregor Burns Academy of Leadership at the University of Maryland, College Park. He received a Pulitzer Prize and National Book Award in 1971 for his Roosevelt: Soldier of Freedom 1940-1945.

His key innovation in leadership theory was shifting away from studying the traits of great men and transactional management to focus on the interaction of leaders and led as collaborators working toward mutual benefit. He is best known for contributions to the Transformational, Aspirational and Visionary schools of leadership theory.

From Publishers Weekly:

In this eloquent and tightly written history of late 20th century presidential politics, Pulitzer-prize winning journalist and author Burns (Transforming Leadership) offers his own take on modern presidents from JFK to George W. Bush, attempting to explain the negative effects of the American electoral process on presidential leadership and why, in his view, "historians have been too critical of recent presidents." Focusing on presidents who manipulated constituencies and distanced themselves from their own parties to win elections, Burns finds a prototype in Kennedy, a staunchly anti-Communist social liberal who was "not afraid to run from his party." Burns demonstrates through cogent analysis how this kind of maneuvering costs both leaders and voters. While Reagan brought the GOP together, his successor could never find the place where he belonged in his own party and suffered for his anemic allegiance to Republican ideology. Conversely, George W. Bush stood firmly with his party but squandered that fellowship with a number of contentious post-9/11 policies, including the war in Iraq. While the human factor looms large in terms of presidential leadership failures, Burns suggests that such failures could be diminished and sometimes overcome with reforms of the electoral process. Burns' suggested solutions fall second to his considerable insights on the difficulty and sacrifice intrinsic to the role of President.

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