Speaking in Soviet Tongues

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出版者:Northern Illinois University Press
作者:Michael S. Gorham
出品人:
页数:277
译者:
出版时间:2003-6-2
价格:USD 44.00
装帧:Hardcover
isbn号码:9780875803135
丛书系列:
图书标签:
  • 共和国
  • politics
  • language
  • culture
  • 苏联
  • 语言学
  • 社会语言学
  • 政治语言学
  • 文化研究
  • 历史语言学
  • 口语
  • 苏联文化
  • 语言与政治
  • 苏联历史
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具体描述

From the classical dialogues of Plato to current political correctness, manipulating language to advance a particular set of values and ideas has been a time-honored practice. During times of radical social and political change, the terms of debate themselves become sharply contested: how people reject, redefine, and reappropriate key words and phrases gives important symbolic shape to their vision of the future. Especially in cataclysmic times, who one is or wants to be is defined by how one writes and speaks.

The language culture of early Soviet Russia marked just such a tenuous state of symbolic affairs. Partly out of necessity, partly in the spirit of change, Bolshevik revolutionaries cast off old verbal models of identity and authority and replaced them with a cacophony of new words, phrases, and communicative contexts intended to define and help legitimatize the new Soviet order. Pitched to an audience composed largely of semiliterate peasants, however, the new Bolshevik message often fell on deaf ears.

Embraced by numerous sympathetic and newly empowered citizens, the voice of Bolshevism also evoked a variety of less desirable reactions, ranging from confusion and willful subversion to total disregard. Indeed, the earliest years of Bolshevik rule produced a communication gap that held little promise for the makings of a proletarian dictatorship. This gap drew the attention of language authorities--most notably Maxim Gorky--and gave rise to a society-wide debate over the appropriate voice of the new Soviet state and its citizenry.

Drawing from history, literature, and sociology, Gorham offers the first comprehensive, interdisciplinary analysis of this critical debate, demonstrating how language ideologies and practices were invented, contested, and redefined. "Speaking in Soviet Tongues" shows how early Soviet language culture gave rise to unparalleled verbal creativity and utopian imagination while sowing the seeds for perhaps the most notorious forms of Orwellian "newspeak" known to the modern era.

好的,这是一份基于您提供的书名“Speaking in Soviet Tongues”的虚构图书简介,该简介将详细描述一本与该书名无关的图书内容,并力求自然流畅,不包含任何关于原书名(Speaking in Soviet Tongues)的内容。 --- 《光影织就的迷宫:默片时代欧洲电影的视觉叙事与社会回响》 导言:沉默的呐喊与时代的剪影 本书深入剖析了20世纪20年代至30年代初,欧洲默片黄金时期电影艺术的复杂面貌及其对当时社会思潮的深刻映照。在有声电影的浪潮席卷全球之前,这一时期欧洲电影人以其独特的视觉语言、精湛的蒙太奇技巧以及对人类情感的深刻挖掘,构建了一个光影交错、充满张力的叙事迷宫。我们不再仅仅将默片视为有声电影的“前奏”,而是将其视为一个独立且成熟的艺术高峰,一个用肢体、光线和节奏进行“说话”的时代。 本书的核心论点在于,默片的限制性——缺乏直接的对话——反而激发了创作者们在视觉叙事上进行革命性的探索。这种“沉默的语言”不仅是技术上的权宜之计,更是一种美学上的宣言,它迫使观众以一种更为直观、更具沉浸感的方式去感知故事的内涵、角色的内心挣扎以及宏大时代背景下的个体命运。 第一部分:形式的革命——蒙太奇的语法与视觉的韵律 本部分聚焦于默片时期欧洲电影在技术和美学上的关键突破,尤其关注苏联蒙太奇学派、德国表现主义电影(Weimar Cinema)以及法国印象派电影对叙事结构的影响。 一、 爱森斯坦的“吸引子蒙太奇”与辩证法的视觉化 我们将细致考察谢尔盖·爱森斯坦如何将黑格尔的辩证法融入剪辑实践中。本书详细分析了《战舰波将金号》中的敖德萨阶梯段落,并将其置于更广阔的政治和哲学背景下进行解读。重点探讨了“吸引子蒙太奇”(Intellectual Montage)如何超越简单的场景连接,旨在直接冲击观众的意识形态认知。我们对比分析了爱森斯坦与普多夫金在蒙太奇理论上的差异,揭示了苏联电影制作群体内部关于“电影如何塑造集体意识”的激烈争论。 二、 德国表现主义:扭曲的空间与焦虑的心理投射 德国魏玛时期的电影以其鲜明的风格特征——极端的布景设计、不和谐的光影对比、以及夸张的肢体表演——成为探索现代城市疏离感和心理不安的先驱。我们深入研究了罗伯特·维恩的《卡里加里博士的小屋》,分析其如何通过非现实的、病态的建筑空间,直接外化主角的偏执与精神错乱。此外,本书探讨了弗里茨·朗的早期作品(如《诺斯费拉图》的影像风格影响),考察了这些作品如何通过环境的具象化来表达第一次世界大战后德国社会普遍存在的恐惧、权威主义的阴影以及对理性主义的怀疑。 三、 法国印象派的“抒情潜意识” 与德俄电影的宏大叙事和政治诉求不同,法国印象派电影(如让·爱普斯坦和路易·德吕克)则更专注于捕捉瞬间的情感和光影的微妙变化。本书区分了这些电影如何利用景深、模糊处理和快速剪辑来模拟角色的主观体验和感官失调,从而在视觉上创造出一种“抒情的、流动的意识流”,这预示了后来实验电影的发展方向。 第二部分:银幕上的“人”——身份、异化与身体政治 默片时代是欧洲社会结构剧烈变动的时期,阶级矛盾、性别角色的重塑以及对“新人”的构建成为电影叙事的重要母题。 一、 大都市的异化与小人物的悲歌 本书探讨了都市化进程对个体身份的冲击。在默片中,城市不再是进步的象征,而是一个冷漠、巨大的机械迷宫。我们分析了F·W·穆瑙的《日出》中,来自乡村的个体如何被现代都市的诱惑与陷阱所吞噬,以及他们试图回归纯真时的徒劳无功。这种“乡愁与异化”的主题,在面对快速工业化带来的社会断裂感时,得到了极为有力的视觉呈现。 二、 身体的语言:表演的极端化与媒介的限制 在没有对话的情况下,演员的身体成为传递信息的主要载体。本书专门开辟章节,研究默片演员的表演技巧,从卓别林的精妙喜剧肢体语言(将悲剧融入滑稽动作中)到葛莱塔·嘉宝那种通过面部微表情来表达复杂情感的“凝视”艺术。我们考察了“身体的符号学”,即肢体动作和面部表情如何在特定的文化语境下,被赋予了超越语言的深刻意义。 三、 性别角色的模糊与新女性的诞生 默片也为女性形象的复杂化提供了舞台。从路易丝·布鲁克斯扮演的“蛇蝎美人”(Femme Fatale)到早期反映女性自主意识觉醒的角色,电影开始挑战传统的家庭与道德规范。我们审视了这些银幕形象如何反映了社会对“新女性”的矛盾态度——既着迷于她们的解放,又恐惧于她们对既有秩序的颠覆。 第三部分:技术的终结与遗产的延伸 本部分着重讨论了1927年后,随着有声电影技术的成熟,默片艺术的“骤停”现象,并评估了其对后世电影制作的持久影响。 一、 “声音的入侵”:艺术的断裂与转换的阵痛 有声电影的出现对默片时代建立起来的成熟视觉语法造成了巨大冲击。本书描述了电影界在适应新媒介时的混乱与挣扎,许多依赖纯粹视觉叙事风格的导演(如穆瑙)发现自己陷入了技术困境,他们的电影语言在有声对白面前显得多余或笨拙。我们分析了这一转变如何导致了许多欧洲艺术家的流散和创作方向的根本性改变。 二、 沉默的遗产:实验电影与现代主义的脉络 尽管作为主流艺术形式终结,默片的美学原则却被继承和转化。本书追踪了默片的影响力,展示了它如何为后来的超现实主义电影、法国新浪潮中的视觉实验(如德莱叶对纯粹影像的追求),乃至当代艺术电影中对“非叙事性”和“纯粹感官体验”的探索,奠定了坚实的美学基础。 结论:理解光影中的历史回声 《光影织就的迷宫》旨在唤醒我们对默片这一“失落”语言的重视。它并非仅仅是关于电影史的一个章节,而是一部关于人类如何在极端限制下创造出最富表现力艺术形式的案例研究。通过重温这些光影编织的故事,我们不仅能欣赏到那个时代最纯粹的视觉创造力,更能理解现代主义艺术的根基所在——在沉默中,欧洲电影找到了它最响亮的声音。 --- (全书共计约1500字)

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拿到这本书,我脑海中立刻浮现出那个红色年代的种种影像。这本书的标题“Speaking in Soviet Tongues”本身就充满了象征意义,它似乎暗示着一种独特的交流方式,一种只有身处那个环境的人才能真正理解的“语言”。我一直在思考,为什么苏联时期的语言会形成如此鲜明的风格,它究竟是时代塑造的结果,还是政治宣传有意为之?我期待这本书能够为我解答这些疑问。我猜想,作者很可能从多个角度来探讨“苏联的语言”,或许会分析官方文献中的规范用语,探讨文学作品中的语言创新,甚至会触及民间流传的俚语和谚语。我尤其希望作者能够深入挖掘那些看似寻常的词语和句子,揭示它们在特定历史时期所承载的特殊含义和政治寓意。比如,某个政治术语的出现和流行,是否标志着某种思想的崛起或压制?文学作品中对语言的实验和革新,又如何在时代的洪流中被接受或遗忘?我期待这本书能带给我一种“拨云见日”的感觉,让我能够真正“听懂”那些“苏联的语言”,从而更深入地理解那个时代人们的思维方式和情感世界。

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Upon encountering the title "Speaking in Soviet Tongues," my immediate thought was of the pervasive and distinctive linguistic environment that characterized the Soviet Union. This book, I surmise, will offer a profound exploration into how language functioned not just as a means of communication, but as a critical element in the construction and maintenance of Soviet ideology and social order. I am particularly eager to learn about the specific linguistic innovations and patterns that emerged during this period. What were the key terms, phrases, or rhetorical devices that defined “Soviet speech”? How did these linguistic tools contribute to shaping public perception and fostering a sense of shared identity or political conformity? I anticipate that the author will provide a thorough analysis, possibly examining a range of sources, from political manifestos and official publications to literary works and even everyday conversations. My hope is to gain an understanding of how language was strategically employed to convey specific messages, enforce particular norms, and navigate the complexities of Soviet society. This book, I believe, will offer a unique and insightful lens through which to understand the Soviet experience, allowing me to appreciate the power of language in shaping historical narratives and individual consciousness.

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As a keen observer of historical and cultural phenomena, the title "Speaking in Soviet Tongues" immediately resonated with me. It hints at a deep dive into the linguistic landscape of the Soviet Union, a topic that, I believe, holds the key to understanding the era's unique social and political fabric. I am eager to explore how the Soviet regime leveraged language as a tool for propaganda, nation-building, and social control. My expectation is that the book will meticulously dissect the vocabulary, syntax, and rhetorical strategies that characterized Soviet discourse. I’m particularly interested in learning about the evolution of these linguistic norms over time and across different spheres of Soviet life – from political speeches and official documents to literature and everyday conversations. How did the language reflect the prevailing ideologies? Were there specific linguistic innovations or transformations that are uniquely Soviet? I hope the author illuminates these aspects with compelling analysis and perhaps even illustrative anecdotes that bring the “Soviet tongues” to life. This book, I suspect, will offer a crucial framework for interpreting Soviet history not just through events, but through the very words that defined it, allowing for a richer and more nuanced understanding of this complex period.

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一直以来,我对苏联时期那种独特的语言风格都感到好奇,它似乎带着一种与众不同的力量和质感。这本书的标题“Speaking in Soviet Tongues”正中我的下怀,我迫不及待地想知道作者将如何阐释这个概念。我猜测,这本书并非仅仅是关于苏联的政治史或社会史,而是将焦点放在了“语言”这个载体上。我期待作者能够深入剖析苏联时期那些标志性的语言特征,例如那些充满力量的口号、官方宣传中的特定词汇,以及文学作品中对语言的精妙运用。更重要的是,我希望作者能够揭示这些语言是如何被建构、传播,并最终影响人们的思想和行为的。我特别好奇作者将如何解读那些在今天看来可能有些晦涩的苏联式表达,它们背后是否隐藏着更深层次的意义?是否能够反映出那个时代的集体意识、个体情感,甚至是那些被压抑的、未曾言说的东西?我希望这本书能够为我提供一种全新的视角,让我能够通过语言这面镜子,更清晰地看见那个时代的社会肌理和文化脉络。我期待这本书能够带来一种“听见”苏联的声音的体验,而不仅仅是“看见”历史的陈迹。

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这本书的封面设计就足够吸引我,一种复古又充满力量的视觉冲击力扑面而来。拿到书后,我立刻被它沉甸甸的质感和略带磨砂感的纸张所吸引,这似乎在预示着这本书将是一次深入而扎实的阅读体验。我一直对苏联时期的历史和文化有着浓厚的兴趣,尤其是那种独特的语言风格和思想表达方式,总觉得其中蕴含着某种不易察觉的魅力。这本书的标题“Speaking in Soviet Tongues”更是精准地捕捉到了我心中的那份好奇。我开始想象,作者将如何剥开历史的层层迷雾,带领我们进入那个曾经叱咤风云的时代,去聆听那些属于那个时代的“语言”。我尤其期待作者能够如何深入浅出地解析苏联时期的官方宣传、文学作品,甚至民间口语,从中发掘出那些隐藏的意义和时代烙印。我希望这本书不仅仅是简单地罗列事实,而是能够通过对语言的剖析,让我们更真切地感受到那个时代人们的思想是如何被塑造,他们的情感是如何被表达,以及这种表达方式又如何反过来影响了历史的进程。我迫不及待地想知道,作者是如何将这些零散的片段串联起来,构建出一个完整而生动的苏联语言图景。我甚至开始思考,在信息爆炸的今天,理解“苏联的语言”是否还能为我们提供某种独特的视角,去审视我们自身所处的时代和我们赖以生存的语言环境。这本书无疑为我打开了一扇通往过去的大门,而门后又将是怎样一番景象,我充满了期待。

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The very title, "Speaking in Soviet Tongues," conjures a rich tapestry of associations for me, evoking a sense of a deeply ingrained, almost unique way of communicating that was characteristic of the Soviet Union. I anticipate that this book will not shy away from the complexities and often ideological underpinnings of Soviet language. My primary curiosity lies in understanding how language was consciously manipulated and utilized to construct a particular social and political reality. I'm keen to discover the author's methodology in identifying and analyzing these “Soviet tongues.” Will it involve a deep textual analysis of official pronouncements, literary works, or even personal accounts? I hope the book sheds light on the specific linguistic mechanisms that were employed to promote certain values, foster a sense of unity, or perhaps even to subtly obscure inconvenient truths. How did the language evolve in response to internal and external pressures? I’m particularly interested in the potential for exploring the nuances that might differentiate the language of the early Soviet period from that of its later years, or even the subtle variations in language use across different social strata or geographical regions. This book promises a journey into the very heart of Soviet communication, allowing me to grasp the intricate ways in which language shaped and was shaped by this pivotal historical era.

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The striking title "Speaking in Soviet Tongues" immediately captured my imagination, promising a journey into a less-explored facet of the Soviet experience – its unique linguistic landscape. I envision this book as an intellectual exploration into how language was not merely a passive medium but an active agent in shaping the Soviet identity and its cultural output. My keenest interest lies in understanding the specific characteristics of these “Soviet tongues” and how they were employed to construct and disseminate ideology, foster collective sentiment, and articulate the lived realities of people within the Soviet system. I am particularly curious about the author’s approach to this subject. Will it be a meticulous linguistic analysis of specific texts and historical periods? Or will it be a more thematic exploration of how language evolved to reflect the shifting political and social currents? I eagerly anticipate learning about the subtle nuances, the official jargon, and perhaps even the underground vernacular that characterized Soviet communication. Understanding these linguistic particularities, I believe, is crucial to gaining a deeper and more nuanced appreciation of the Soviet era, its triumphs, its failures, and the complex human experiences that unfolded within it. This book, I feel, will offer a vital framework for deciphering the echoes of that past.

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我最近一直在寻找能够帮助我深入理解苏联历史的读物,而这本书的出现,无疑像是一股清流。它的标题“Speaking in Soviet Tongues”给我一种非常独特的联想,似乎它不是一本传统的历史叙述,而是要从一个更具象、更生动的角度来切入。我猜想,这本书会着重于探讨苏联时期语言的特殊性,包括那些我们今天可能已经不太熟悉的词汇、表达方式,甚至是一些被刻意构建出来的宣传语。我好奇的是,作者是如何将这些语言元素进行梳理和分类的?是按照时间顺序,还是按照不同的社会领域?我期待作者能够不仅仅停留在语言的表面,而是能够深入挖掘这些语言背后所蕴含的社会、政治和文化信息。比如,某些词语的使用频率和场合,是否能够反映出当时社会的权力分配和意识形态导向?文学作品中对语言的运用,又如何体现了那个时代的精神风貌和情感表达?我希望这本书能够提供一些生动有趣的例子,让我能够身临其境地感受到那个时代的语言魅力,甚至能够从中体味到那个时代人们的生活细节和内心世界。总而言之,我对这本书充满期待,希望它能为我打开一扇新的窗户,让我以一种全新的方式来认识和理解那个曾经辉煌而又复杂的时代。

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翻开这本书的扉页,一股浓郁的学术气息便扑面而来,但令人欣喜的是,这种气息并没有让人感到枯燥,反而有一种智识上的吸引力。我一直认为,语言是思想的载体,而苏联时期的语言,无疑承载着一个庞大而复杂的社会体系的意识形态和权力结构。作者在书名中使用的“Tongues”(舌头/语言)一词,就已经暗示了一种多层次的解读。我推测,这本书会从多个维度来探讨苏联时期的语言现象,可能包括官方宣传口号的演变,文学作品中对特定语言风格的运用,以及普通人在特定历史时期如何通过语言来表达自己的生存状态和情感。我特别想知道,作者是如何定义和分析这些“苏联的语言”的,它们是如何在特定的政治和社会环境下形成,又如何随着时间的推移而发生变化的。我期待作者能够提供一些具体的语言案例,通过对这些案例的细致分析,让我们窥见那个时代人们的思维模式和价值取向。例如,某些政治术语是如何被创造和推广的?它们在传播过程中又经历了怎样的变形?民间口语又如何在官方话语的夹缝中寻找表达的空间?我对此充满了好奇,因为我认为,理解一个时代的语言,就等于理解了那个时代的灵魂。这本书的价值,或许就在于它能够为我们提供一把钥匙,让我们能够深入地解锁苏联社会的复杂性。

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这本书的书名“Speaking in Soviet Tongues” immediately piqued my interest. It suggests a focus on the nuances of language within the Soviet context, a topic I find endlessly fascinating. I envision this book delving into how language was not merely a tool for communication, but also a powerful instrument of ideology, shaping public discourse and individual thought during the Soviet era. I am particularly eager to understand the specific linguistic characteristics that defined Soviet speech – perhaps the adoption of certain jargon, the evolution of political slogans, or even the subtle ways in which language was used to foster a sense of collective identity or to suppress dissent. I hope the author provides concrete examples, analyzing specific phrases or texts to illustrate how Soviet language functioned in practice. Was there a distinct “Soviet accent” in written and spoken communication? How did the language adapt to different historical periods within the Soviet Union? My anticipation lies in uncovering the intricate relationship between language, power, and societal transformation as depicted through the lens of Soviet tongues. This book promises to offer a unique perspective, allowing me to “hear” the echoes of a bygone era through its distinctive linguistic patterns.

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