斯韦特兰娜·亚历山德罗夫娜·阿列克谢耶维奇 Svetlana Alexandravna Alexievich

白俄罗斯作家，1948年生于乌克兰，毕业于明斯克大学新闻学系。她用与当事人访谈的方式写作纪实文学，记录了二次世界大战、阿富汗战争、苏联解体、切尔诺贝利事故等人类历史上重大的事件。

她曾多次获奖，包括瑞典笔会奖（1996）、德国莱比锡图书奖（1998）、法国“世界见证人”奖（1999）、美国国家书评人奖（2005）、德国书业和平奖（2013）等。因为独立报导和批判风格，她的独立新闻活动曾受到政府限制，代表作《锌皮娃娃兵》曾被列为禁书。1992年，她在政治法庭接受审判，后因国际人权观察组织的抗议而中止。她还曾被指控为中情局工作，电话遭到窃听，不能公开露面。2000年，她受到国际避难城市联盟的协助迁居巴黎，2011年回明斯克居住。

2013年，她获得诺贝尔文学奖提名，入围最终决选名单。目前她的作品已在19国出版，并创作有21部记录片脚本和3部戏剧（曾在法国、德国、保加利亚演出）。

From Publishers Weekly

A chorus of fatalism, stoic bravery and black, black humor is sounded in this haunting oral history of the 1986 nuclear reactor catastrophe in what is now northeastern Ukraine. Russian journalist Alexievich records a wide array of voices: a woman who clings to her irradiated, dying husband though nurses warn her "that's not a person anymore, that's a nuclear reactor"; a hunter dispatched to evacuated villages to exterminate the household pets; soldiers sent in to clean up the mess, bitter at the callous, incompetent Soviet authorities who "flung us there, like sand on the reactor," but accepting their lot as a test of manhood; an idealistic nuclear engineer whose faith in communism is shattered. And there are the local peasants who take this latest in a long line of disasters in stride, filtering back to their homes to harvest their contaminated potatoes, shrugging that if they survived the Germans, they'll survive radiation. Alexievich shapes these testimonies into novelistic "monologues" that convey a vivid portrait of late-Communist malaise, in which bullying party bosses, paranoid propaganda and chaotic mobilizations are resisted with bleak sarcasm ("It wasn't milk, it was a radioactive byproduct"), mournful philosophizing ("[t]he mechanism of evil will work under conditions of apocalypse") and lots of vodka. The result is an indelible X-ray of the Russian soul.

Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. --This text refers to the Hardcover edition.

From Booklist

*Starred Review* "Chernobyl is like the war of all wars. There's nowhere to hide." On April 26, 1986, the people of Belarus lost everything when a reactor at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station exploded. Many people died outright, and many were evacuated, forced to leave behind everything from pets to family photographs. Millions of acres remain contaminated, and thousands of people continue to be afflicted with diseases caused by radiation as 20 tons of nuclear fuel sit in a reactor shielded by a leaking sarcophagus known as the Cover. For three years, journalist Alexievich spoke with scores of survivors--the widow of a first responder, an on-the-scene cameraman, teachers, doctors, farmers, Party bureaucrats, a historian, scientists, evacuees, resettlers, grandmothers, mothers--and she now presents their shocking accounts of life in a poisoned world. And what quintessentially human stories these are, as each distinct voice expresses anger, fear, ignorance, stoicism, valor, compassion, and love. Alexievich put her own health at risk to gather these invaluable frontline testimonies, which she has transmuted into a haunting and essential work of literature that one can only hope documents a never-to-be-repeated catastrophe. Donna Seaman

Copyright © American Library Association. All rights reserved --This text refers to the Hardcover edition.