Juan Ruiz (ca. 1283 - ca. 1350), known as the Archpriest of Hita (Arcipreste de Hita), was a medieval Spanish poet. He is best known for his ribald, earthy poem, Libro de buen amor (The Book of Good Love). He was born either in Alcalá de Henares, or perhaps Alcalá de Real, a village of Granada, then part of al-Andalus, or Muslim Spain. Little is known about him today, save that he was a cleric and probably studied in Toledo. Though his birth name is known to be Juan Ruiz, he is widely referred to by his title of "archpriest of Hita."

According to his own book, he was imprisoned for years, thought to be between 1337 to 1350, as punishment for some of his deeds (if the poem is any guide, they were quite inconsistent with his position as priest). However, the poem has long been considered as pseudo-autobiography. One of his poems states that he was imprisoned on the order of Gil Albornoz, archbishop of Toledo. In retaliation, he wrote Libro de Buen Amor (Book of Good Love), a massive, episodic work that chronicled much of medieval society through his eyes: ancient fables, ugly peasants, Ruiz's amorous dalliances with nuns, and what seems to be sincere religious fervor. The breadth of his scope, and the exuberance of his style have caused some to term him "the Spanish Chaucer."