尼科洛·马基雅维里(Niccolò Machiavelli 1469—1527)是意大利佛罗伦萨的政冶家、外交家；同时是一位思想家——政治思想家。马克思曾经肯定马基雅维里及其后一些近代思想家在国家观上摆脱神学的束缚说，他们“已经用人的眼光来观察国家了，他们都是从理性和经验中而不是从神学中引出国家的自然规律；”并且又一次指出马基雅维里及其后的一些近代思想家使政治研究独立于道德，他说：“从近代马基雅维里……以及近代的其他许多思想家谈起，权力都是作为法的基础的，由此，政治的理论观念摆脱了道德，所剩下的是独立地研究政冶的主张，其他没有别的了。”马基雅维里是第一个使政治学独立，同伦理家彻底分家的人，有“资产阶级政治学奠基人”之称，并且是历史家、军事著作者、诗人和剧作家。在所有这些方面都有其传世的著作，包括《君主论》、《论提图斯·李维著〔罗马史〕前十卷》三卷(下称《李维史论》)、《佛罗伦萨史》八卷、《兵法》(直译：《战争的艺术》)七卷、《曼陀罗华》(喜剧)，还有其他剧本、诗、文以及大量的关于出使各国的情况报告和通讯等等。

As a diplomat in turbulent fifteenth-century Florence, Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527) knew how quickly political fortunes could rise and fall. "The Prince", his tough-minded, pragmatic handbook on how power really works, made his name notorious and has remained controversial ever since. How can a leader be strong and decisive, yet still inspire loyalty in his followers? When is it necessary to break the rules? Is it better to be feared than loved? Examining regimes and their rulers the world over and throughout history, from Roman Emperors to renaissance Popes, from Hannibal to Cesare di Borgia, Machievalli answers all these questions in a work of realpolitik that still has shrewd political lessons for today. Tim Parks' acclaimed contemporary translation renders Machiavelli's no-nonsense original as alarming and enlightening as when it was first written. His introduction discusses Machiavelli's life and reputation, and explores the historical background to the work.