卡伦 霍妮(Homey Karen 1885-1952)

20世纪最伟大的女性心理学家1885年9月16日出生于德国。1913年．获柏林大学医学博士学位。1918--1932年，在柏林精神分析研究所任教．并创办诊所，开业行医。在此期间，霍妮由于对弗洛伊德关于女性性欲的看法表示不满而离开弗洛伊德的正统学说，并在杂志上发表了大量关于女性问题和驳斥弗洛伊德观点的论文。1932年．受 F 亚历山大的邀请赴美，担任芝加哥精神分析研究所副所长。1934，居纽约．创办了一所私人医院，并在纽约精神分析研究所培训精神分析医生。随着她与弗洛伊德正统理论分歧的增大，促使她与弗洛伊德派决裂，退出了纽约精神分析研究所。1941年，创建了美国精神分析研究所，并亲任所长。1952年12月4日逝世。

Karen Horney was born in Hamburg, Germany, in 1885 and studied at the University of Berlin, receiving her medical degree in 1913. From 1914 to 1918 she studied psychiatry at Berlin-Lankwitz, Germany, and from 1918 to 1932 taught at the Berlin Psychoanalytic Institute. She participated in many international congresses, among them the historic discussion of lay analysis, chaired by Sigmund Freud. Dr. Horney came to the United States in 1932 and for two years was Associate Director of the Psychoanalytic Institute, Chicago. In 1934 she came to New York and was a member of the teaching staff of the New York Psychoanalytic Institute until 1941, when she became one of the founders of the Association for the Advancement of Psychoanalysis and the American Institute for Psychoanalysis. In Neurosis and Human Growth, Dr. Horney discusses the neurotic process as a special form of the human development, the antithesis of healthy growth. She unfolds the different stages of this situation, describing neurotic claims, the tyranny or inner dictates and the neurotic's solutions for relieving the tensions of conflict in such emotional attitudes as domination, self-effacement, dependency, or resignation. Throughout, she outlines with penetrating insight the forces that work for and against the person's realization of his or her potentialities. This 40th Anniversary Edition includes a new preface by Stephanie Steinfeld, Ph.D., and Jeffrey Rubin, M.D., of the American Institute for Psychoanalysis.