卡倫 霍妮(Homey Karen 1885-1952)

20世紀最偉大的女性心理學傢1885年9月16日齣生於德國。1913年．獲柏林大學醫學博士學位。1918--1932年，在柏林精神分析研究所任教．並創辦診所，開業行醫。在此期間，霍妮由於對弗洛伊德關於女性性欲的看法錶示不滿而離開弗洛伊德的正統學說，並在雜誌上發錶瞭大量關於女性問題和駁斥弗洛伊德觀點的論文。1932年．受 F 亞曆山大的邀請赴美，擔任芝加哥精神分析研究所副所長。1934，居紐約．創辦瞭一所私人醫院，並在紐約精神分析研究所培訓精神分析醫生。隨著她與弗洛伊德正統理論分歧的增大，促使她與弗洛伊德派決裂，退齣瞭紐約精神分析研究所。1941年，創建瞭美國精神分析研究所，並親任所長。1952年12月4日逝世。

Karen Horney was born in Hamburg, Germany, in 1885 and studied at the University of Berlin, receiving her medical degree in 1913. From 1914 to 1918 she studied psychiatry at Berlin-Lankwitz, Germany, and from 1918 to 1932 taught at the Berlin Psychoanalytic Institute. She participated in many international congresses, among them the historic discussion of lay analysis, chaired by Sigmund Freud. Dr. Horney came to the United States in 1932 and for two years was Associate Director of the Psychoanalytic Institute, Chicago. In 1934 she came to New York and was a member of the teaching staff of the New York Psychoanalytic Institute until 1941, when she became one of the founders of the Association for the Advancement of Psychoanalysis and the American Institute for Psychoanalysis. In Neurosis and Human Growth, Dr. Horney discusses the neurotic process as a special form of the human development, the antithesis of healthy growth. She unfolds the different stages of this situation, describing neurotic claims, the tyranny or inner dictates and the neurotic's solutions for relieving the tensions of conflict in such emotional attitudes as domination, self-effacement, dependency, or resignation. Throughout, she outlines with penetrating insight the forces that work for and against the person's realization of his or her potentialities. This 40th Anniversary Edition includes a new preface by Stephanie Steinfeld, Ph.D., and Jeffrey Rubin, M.D., of the American Institute for Psychoanalysis.