The Social Atom

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出版者:Bloomsbury USA
作者:Mark Buchanan
出品人:
页数:256
译者:
出版时间:2007-5-29
价格:USD 24.95
装帧:Hardcover
isbn号码:9781596910133
丛书系列:
图书标签:
  • 社会学 
  • 思维 
  • 传播 
  • 心理学 
  • Sociology 
  • 复杂系统 
  • 社会 
  • 物理学 
  •  
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The idiosyncrasies of human decision-making have confounded economists and social theorists for years. If each person makes choices for personal (and often irrational) reasons, how can people's choices be predicted by a single theory? How can "any" economic, social, or political theory be valid? The truth is, none of them really are. Mark Buchanan makes the fascinating argument that the science of physics is beginning to provide a new picture of the human or "social atom," and help us understand the surprising, and often predictable, patterns that emerge when they get together. Look at patterns, not people, Buchanan argues, and rules emerge that can explain how movements form, how interest groups operate, and even why ethnic hatred persists. Using similar observations, social physicists can predict whether neighborhoods will integrate, whether stock markets will crash, and whether crime waves will continue or abate. Brimming with mind games and provocative experiments, "The Social Atom" is an incisive, accessible, and comprehensive argument for a whole new way to look at human social behavior. Mark Buchanan is a theoretical physicist and an associate editor at "Complexus," a journal on biocomplexity. He has been an editor at "Nature" and "New Scientist," and is the author of two prize-nominated books, "Ubiquity: The Science of History" and "Nexus: Small Worlds and the Groundbreaking Science of Networks." He lives in Cambridgeshire, England. The idiosyncrasies of human decision-making have confounded economists and social theorists for years. If each person makes choices for personal (and often irrational) reasons, how can people's choices be predicted by a single theory? The validity of any economic, social, or political theory comes into question. Mark Buchanan argues that the science of physics is beginning to provide a new picture of the human or "social atom," and help us understand the surprising, and often predictable, patterns that emerge when they get together. Look at patterns, not people, Buchanan argues, and rules emerge that can explain how movements form, how interest groups operate, and even why ethnic hatred persists. Using similar observations, social physicists can predict whether neighborhoods will integrate, whether stock markets will crash, and whether crime waves will continue or abate. "The Social Atom" is an incisive, accessible, and comprehensive argument for a new way to look at human social behavior. "Mark Buchanan is] a theoretical physicist . . . Buchanan argues that one of the basic assumptions of economics--namely, that humans make only reasoned, greedy, self-promoting decisions--is a simplification that calls the whole field into question . . . A former editor of the prestigious science journal "Nature," Buchanan witnessed a growing number of physicists write papers about familiar mathematical patterns cropping up in human behavior. This inspired him to write "The Social Atom." His goal is to consider people 'as if they were atoms or molecules following fairly simple rules' and investigate the idea that 'seemingly complicated social happenings may often have quite simple origins, and that we can discover such simplicity by examining how we too may be subject to laws not unlike those of physics' . . . The book asks] readers to move away from thinking of humans as individuals when it comes to social behavior in a group. We are . . . simple atoms that think alike, copy one another and self-organize according to common mathematical patterns."--Russ Juskalian, "USA Today" "Humans mimic other humans, whether they're clapping or buying mobile phones, writes Mark Buchanan in his beguiling behavioral study . . . Yet the same force may influence bigger decisions in life, like whether to have kids, he says. European birthrates slowed so dramatically between 1950 and 2000 that researchers concluded the trend was 'amplified and exaggerated by peer pressure' . . . A theoretical physicist, Buchanan suggests that sociologists should spend less time scrutinizing individual behavior and more time studying the group. 'Think of patterns, not people, ' he urges, arguing that people are the atoms, or building blocks, of the social world. We imitate each other, cooperate, learn and adapt in a giant feedback system. Writing in lean, fluid sentences, Buchanan clicks through examples ranging from the collapse of Long-Term Capital Management to the slaughter at Srebrenica. He shows patterns at work in phantom traffic jams, stock sell-offs and the trails human feet carve through public parks . . . As promised in the book's subtitle, Buchanan explains 'Why the Rich Get Richer, Cheaters Get Caught, and Your Neighbor Usually Looks Like You' . . . Buchanan is] on to something big."--James Pressley, "Bloomberg News" "Likely the "Blink" or "Freakonomics "of 2007, theoretical physicist Buchanan's new book explains how we replicate the behavior of people we admire, and stick close to people with shared fundamental bonds such as ethnic heritage.""--Time Out Chicago" "Everything we think about why we do what we do is wrong because we can't help but think and act like individuals, understanding the world around us with anecdote and simple stories. But as Mark Buchanan brilliantly demonstrates with examples from the world all around us, there's a bigger force at work that explains the world far better. Surprisingly, that force looks a lot like the semi-random statistical model that explained the mysteries of quantum physics a century ago. This is a fascinating glimpse into a new way of understanding human behavior."--Chris Anderson, Editor-in-Chief, "Wired Magazine," and author of "The Long Tail: Why The Future of Business Is Selling Less of More""" "Seldom has a book so infuriated me yet kept me tightly gripped to each page. This is a first-class attack on the smugness of the Humanities by a brilliant provocateur: a disturbing challenge to all of us who think we understan

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这本书写的蛮简单清晰的,挺好。 1. 复杂的两个核心问题: 系统对于初始条件的敏感和反馈。 2. 社会原子,人的心理和群体行为是两回事,分析群体行为更应该把人作为分子或者原子。 3. 模式分析。 3.1 要思考的是模式,不是人,大规模的模式形成和个体的特征无多大关系。 3.2...  

评分

这本书写的蛮简单清晰的,挺好。 1. 复杂的两个核心问题: 系统对于初始条件的敏感和反馈。 2. 社会原子,人的心理和群体行为是两回事,分析群体行为更应该把人作为分子或者原子。 3. 模式分析。 3.1 要思考的是模式,不是人,大规模的模式形成和个体的特征无多大关系。 3.2...  

评分

理解事物的唯一方式是对模式进行思考,而不是对人。 自然和社会是一个自我组织。自我组织的本质就是过程A导致过程B,接着过程B再导致更多的A,A又诱发更多的B,如此不断循环下去,形成一个螺旋形的反馈机制。 经济学理论家通常都假设说,一个人的行为从来都不会影响到其他人的...  

评分

理解事物的唯一方式是对模式进行思考,而不是对人。 自然和社会是一个自我组织。自我组织的本质就是过程A导致过程B,接着过程B再导致更多的A,A又诱发更多的B,如此不断循环下去,形成一个螺旋形的反馈机制。 经济学理论家通常都假设说,一个人的行为从来都不会影响到其他人的...  

评分

我是不負責任的書評。只把看書筆記貼上來。 寫得有點散的書,應該說是專欄式?快餐式?反正很適合現代人口味。 1).人的特性(不是理性計算機,而是精明的賭徒)      -不會完全理性(理性非最終答案)      -機會主義者(會適應,假設,嘗試,調整)   .複...  

用户评价

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A brilliant, up-to-date and much needed review of social sciences from a physicist , who knows quite a few things about complex systems and self-organization

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first week's reading for international development

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看看

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社科一样遵循两条最基本的自然定律:1. 同一场论 2. 测不准原则

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(core 社科driving)證據證據證據,踏踏實實的證實比故作的高深酷太多。

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