马克斯·霍克海默(M. Max Horkheimer ,1895-1973) 德国哲学家,法兰克福学派的创始人之一。1895年2月14日生于斯图加特一个工厂主家庭。1922年在法兰克福大学获哲学博士学位。1925年任该大学教授,后兼任哲学系主任。1930年任法兰克福大学社会研究所所长并创办了《社会研究杂志》。1933年希特勒执政后,他把社会研究所先后迁到日内瓦、巴黎、美国,并先后在哥伦比亚大学和加利福尼亚大学工作。1949~1950年他把社会研究所迁返法兰克福,仍任所长。1953年退休。1973年7月7日卒于纽伦堡。
"Dialectic of Enlightenment" is undoubtedly the most influential publication of the Frankfurt School of Critical Theory. Written during the Second World War and circulated privately, it appeared in a printed edition in Amsterdam in 1947. "What we had set out to do," the authors write in the Preface, "was nothing less than to explain why humanity, instead of entering a truly human state, is sinking into a new kind of barbarism." Yet the work goes far beyond a mere critique of contemporary events. Historically remote developments, indeed, the birth of Western history and of subjectivity itself out of the struggle against natural forces, as represented in myths, are connected in a wide arch to the most threatening experiences of the present. The book consists in five chapters, at first glance unconnected, together with a number of shorter notes. The various analyses concern such phenomena as the detachment of science from practical life, formalized morality, the manipulative nature of entertainment culture, and a paranoid behavioral structure, expressed in aggressive anti-Semitism, that marks the limits of enlightenment. The authors perceive a common element in these phenomena, the tendency toward self-destruction of the guiding criteria inherent in enlightenment thought from the beginning. Using historical analyses to elucidate the present, they show, against the background of a prehistory of subjectivity, why the National Socialist terror was not an aberration of modern history but was rooted deeply in the fundamental characteristics of Western civilization. Adorno and Horkheimer see the self-destruction of Western reason as grounded in a historical and fateful dialectic between the domination of external nature and society. They trace enlightenment, which split these spheres apart, back to its mythical roots. Enlightenment and myth, therefore, are not irreconcilable opposites, but dialectically mediated qualities of both real and intellectual life. "Myth is already enlightenment, and enlightenment reverts to mythology." This paradox is the fundamental thesis of the book. This new translation, based on the text in the complete edition of the works of Max Horkheimer, contains textual variants, commentary upon them, and an editorial discussion of the position of this work in the development of Critical Theory.
《启蒙辩证法》中文化产业一章共分七个小节,这七个小节从现象到本质层层递进地剖析了晚期资本主义社会中文化产业作为大众欺骗的本质。 第一节中,霍格海默犀利地指出“利益群体总喜欢从技术角度来解释文化工业。……然而,却没有人提出,技术用来获得支配社会权力的基础,正是...
评分一 在过去的很长一段时间内,西方人都把自己的中世纪称为黑暗时代,当然,现在我们已经知道,“黑暗”的中世纪并非黑暗。但试图考量其之所以被称为黑暗的标准,我们就不难发现:人们都是以近代以来的科学精神之标准来看待所谓的中世纪的“黑暗”;而问题则在于这样的一种标准...
评分法兰克福学派的顶梁柱阿多诺和霍克海默在其合著的《启蒙辩证法》一书中,主张用“文化工业”来代替“大众文化”来表示现代大众传媒及其传播的流行文化。阿多诺认为,文化工业的产品不是艺术品,而是商品,它从一开始就是作为市场上销售可以替代的项目被生产出来,其目的是为了...
评分仔细把三篇主要的文章和附录一再读了一遍。振聋发聩。敏锐到我有时候都怀疑是不是译者自己把当代的问题写进了书里,而不是两位作者在上个世纪初写的。 阿多诺担心的问题跟本雅明是一样的,都是对主体客观化深刻的恐惧。但在这本书里,并没有凸显出阿多诺为人...
评分这是我十年前读到的第一本西方马克思主义文化批判作品。后来出了新版,阿多尔诺部分是曹卫东翻译的,虽然没读过这个版本,但看到有人说与原文对照的话能看出曹卫东翻译得不好,我不懂德文,无从判断。我看的这个版本(洪佩郁, 蔺月峰译)也是从德文译出的,但多用短句翻译(译...
读过Culture Industry一篇
评分读过Culture Industry一篇
评分SOAS. Mass deception!
评分法兰克福学派Critical Theory的开山之作。
评分读过Culture Industry一篇
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