What Intelligence Tests Miss 在线电子书 图书标签: 心理学 思维 认知科学 思考 psychology 认知&神经&⼼理科学 阳志平 英文原版
发表于2025-04-24
What Intelligence Tests Miss 在线电子书 pdf 下载 txt下载 epub 下载 mobi 下载 2025
全书讲的一点:理性比智商更重要。前面一大部分讲智商测验如何如何不对感觉略学术了。后面讲理性的重要性,以及因为各种不理性导致的问题还是挺好的,有希望能看到总结性的内容。可惜,理性再重要,人就是非理性的。或许,理解与接受这一点,并在很多解决办法的设计上考虑到人的非理性,相比要求人们更理性会更好。
评分开始颠覆和修正一些观念 何为理性 如何习得?
评分1)Dysrationalia: the inability to think and behave rationally despite having adequate intelligence.(聪明人干蠢事)。2)Humans are cognitive misers. (trade-off between computational power and expenses.) 3)natural selection does not care about truth; it cares only about reproductive success.
评分1)Dysrationalia: the inability to think and behave rationally despite having adequate intelligence.(聪明人干蠢事)。2)Humans are cognitive misers. (trade-off between computational power and expenses.) 3)natural selection does not care about truth; it cares only about reproductive success.
评分把Thinking, Fast and Slow的内容包个“智商”的皮,再到处拿点成果就成书了,那写书也太容易了吧...书中关于Daniel C. Dennett的“直觉泵”倒是不错的指引,贝叶斯公式的应用也初露端倪。
Keith E. Stanovich is Emeritus Professor of Applied Psychology and Human Development at the University of Toronto and former Canada Research Chair of Applied Cognitive Science. He is the author of over 200 scientific articles and seven books. He received his BA degree in psychology from Ohio State University in 1973 and his PhD in psychology from the University of Michigan in 1977.
Critics of intelligence tests - writers such as Robert Sternberg, Howard Gardner, and Daniel Goleman - have argued in recent years that these tests neglect important qualities such as emotion, empathy, and interpersonal skills. However, such critiques imply that though intelligence tests may miss certain key noncognitive areas, they encompass most of what is important in the cognitive domain. In this book, Keith Stanovich challenges this widely held assumption. Stanovich shows that IQ tests (or their proxies, such as the SAT) are radically incomplete as measures of cognitive functioning. They fail to assess traits that most people associate with 'good thinking', skills such as judgement and decision-making. Such cognitive skills are crucial to real-world behaviour, affecting the way we plan, evaluate critical evidence, judge risks and probabilities, and make effective decisions. IQ tests fail to assess these skills of rational thought, even though they are measurable cognitive processes. Rational thought is just as important as intelligence, Stanovich argues, and it should be valued as highly as the abilities currently measured on intelligence tests.
短评: 总的来说本能的力量是强大的,现今社会迷雾和诱惑太多我们需要多一些警惕性,在人生中重要的时候拿出应有的理性做出正确的选择。1,建议先读第三部,再读第二部,第一部的内容也就明白了。2、从实用性上来讲,这种类型的文章其实可以写个实践手册,不用一本书的篇章。可...
评分初级表征很好相对好理解,类似感官对现实世界的快照,形式也类似我们所看所听。当然也可能不光这么简单。 次级表征作者介绍的较少,而且强调了是初级表征的复制与模拟。这一点上感觉被过于忽略二者的差异性了。 作为高级思维的载体,次级表征的形式、机制应该是至关重要而且非...
评分《大学》里有一句特别出名的话:「知止而后有定,定而后能静,静而后能安,安而后能虑,虑而后能得。 」 止,到底在哪里? 听过很多人对于自己人生梦想或者理想的分享,比如有的追求大自由,描述了人生可能达到的一种状态。不会受到组织的约束、金钱的约束或者是其他的约束。 ...
评分为什么某些看似聪明的人会做蠢事,某些骗局就是会骗到人,这些事情在生活中时常发生,不少人为之费解。斯坦诺维奇的《超越智商》对这些问题展开揭示。 在书的开头就说到一个人很多人没想到的事,就是看似愚笨的小布什的智商估算有120,这水平可是中上的智力啊,然而小布什给人...
评分整个疫情期间,美国总统特朗普的言论总是那么“雷人”。一会儿充满自信“没有人比我更了解新冠病毒”,一会儿又发言污蔑为“中国病毒”,几天后再改口。美国媒体四年来一天至少25小时在喷他如何如何德不配位。 中国网民干脆给他起个“川建国同志”的外号,一句“你是打入敌军内...
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