What Intelligence Tests Miss 在线电子书 图书标签: 心理学 思维 认知科学 思考 psychology 认知&神经&⼼理科学 阳志平 英文原版
发表于2024-11-21
What Intelligence Tests Miss 在线电子书 pdf 下载 txt下载 epub 下载 mobi 下载 2024
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评分后半部分实在是太难啃了。。说了很多dysrationalia的内容
评分全书讲的一点:理性比智商更重要。前面一大部分讲智商测验如何如何不对感觉略学术了。后面讲理性的重要性,以及因为各种不理性导致的问题还是挺好的,有希望能看到总结性的内容。可惜,理性再重要,人就是非理性的。或许,理解与接受这一点,并在很多解决办法的设计上考虑到人的非理性,相比要求人们更理性会更好。
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Keith E. Stanovich is Emeritus Professor of Applied Psychology and Human Development at the University of Toronto and former Canada Research Chair of Applied Cognitive Science. He is the author of over 200 scientific articles and seven books. He received his BA degree in psychology from Ohio State University in 1973 and his PhD in psychology from the University of Michigan in 1977.
Critics of intelligence tests - writers such as Robert Sternberg, Howard Gardner, and Daniel Goleman - have argued in recent years that these tests neglect important qualities such as emotion, empathy, and interpersonal skills. However, such critiques imply that though intelligence tests may miss certain key noncognitive areas, they encompass most of what is important in the cognitive domain. In this book, Keith Stanovich challenges this widely held assumption. Stanovich shows that IQ tests (or their proxies, such as the SAT) are radically incomplete as measures of cognitive functioning. They fail to assess traits that most people associate with 'good thinking', skills such as judgement and decision-making. Such cognitive skills are crucial to real-world behaviour, affecting the way we plan, evaluate critical evidence, judge risks and probabilities, and make effective decisions. IQ tests fail to assess these skills of rational thought, even though they are measurable cognitive processes. Rational thought is just as important as intelligence, Stanovich argues, and it should be valued as highly as the abilities currently measured on intelligence tests.
本书在《思考快与慢》的两个系统理论上增加了一个层面(书中引用了许多前者的实验结果,许多内容也差不多),自主心智、算法心智与反省心智。个人理解为就是直觉、智力和理性。该书用几乎一半的篇幅论证了现有智商概念的不科学,提出要将对理性的概念单独列出并单独测验,这部...
评分聪明的愚蠢人 如何知道一个人聪明与否?能在智力测试中拿高分的,肯定是个聪明人。聪明人的决策行动,不言而喻都比普通人更明智正确,即使错了也会及时调整。事实上,现实生活中有大量的例子表明,聪明人也会做傻事,例如在大学里担任数学教授的约翰·保罗斯。 2000 年年初,他...
评分七月流火,恰逢我在生活中做了几个拖沓而失败的决定,于是读这本书极为应景。 阅读之前,我的问题很简单: > 智商高就能理性决策吗?我们该怎么理性决策? 其实这本书的副标题已经回答了前半个问题:聪明人也会做傻事。但我不只是想得到「能」或「不能」的回答,我想知道,...
评分在一次采访中,记者问道:您有没有写书的计划? 巴菲特(伯克希尔主席):如果我要写书的话,书名就是《为什么聪明人总是做傻事》。 芒格(伯克希尔副主席):那就是我的自传。 本书作者斯坦诺维奇试图回答的正是这一问题。 (一)理性的定义 理性的定义是:对世界有正确的...
评分作者把心智分为三种,没有必要,也是不恰当的。传统分法都是两种,一种自动反应,一种费心思考;前者要么被称为直觉反应,要么被称为感受反应,要么被称为感情反应,要么被称为system 1;后者要么被称为理性反应,要么被称为理智反应,要么称为system 2。 作者所谓反省心智...
What Intelligence Tests Miss 在线电子书 pdf 下载 txt下载 epub 下载 mobi 下载 2024