On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載2025
David E. Cartwright is a Professor of Philosophy and Religious Studies and the chair of the Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies at the University of Wisconsin, Whitewater. He has numerous publications in nineteenth-century German philosophy and has edited and translated a number of Schopenhauer's books, most recently, with Edward E. Erdmann, The Two Fundamental Problems of Ethics (2010); and he is the author of Schopenhauer: A Biography (2010).
Edward E. Erdmann is an emeritus faculty member of the University of Wisconsin, Whitewater with a scholarly background in classical and early modern rhetorical theory. He writes regularly on subjects in agriculture, has edited German translations of textbooks and scientific reports on organic agriculture.
Christopher Janaway is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Southampton. He has published widely on nineteenth-century German philosophy, including Self and World in Schopenhauer's Philosophy (1989), The Cambridge Companion to Schopenhauer (1999), Schopenhauer: A Very Short Introduction (2002), and Beyond Selflessness: Reading Nietzsche's Genealogy (2007). He is General Editor of The Cambridge Edition of the Works of Schopenhauer, in which he has translated The Two Fundamental Problems of Ethics and co-translated The World as Will and Representation, Volume 1.
- Schopenhauer
- 哲學原著
- 哲學
- 西方哲學
- 18
This volume of new translations unites three shorter works by Arthur Schopenhauer that expand on themes from his book The World as Will and Representation. In On the Fourfold Root he takes the principle of sufficient reason, which states that nothing is without a reason why it is, and shows how it covers different forms of explanation or ground that previous philosophers have tended to confuse. Schopenhauer regarded this study, which he first wrote as his doctoral dissertation, as an essential preliminary to The World as Will. On Will in Nature examines contemporary scientific findings in search of corroboration of his thesis that processes in nature are all a species of striving towards ends; and On Vision and Colours defends an anti-Newtonian account of colour perception influenced by Goethe's famous colour theory. This is the first English edition to provide extensive editorial notes on the different published versions of these works
• These essays reveal Schopenhauer's controversial views on science, explanation and the essence of nature
• The first English translation to provide thorough scholarly notes on the differences between editions
• The volume includes a substantial introduction to all three works
具體描述
讀後感
充足理由律： 充足理由律是用于解释一切表象的先验原则，这种原则基于一个判断：任何事物都有其为什么存在的理由。没有这种理由，任何陈述都可能是真实的（即无法判断真实）。且这种理由和简单的下一个定义完全不同。比如说，对神下一个定义，“神具有本质上必然性并包含无限实...
評分注：不知道谁解析的，作为一个小参考吧！ 《四重根》的基本主张是，平常的世界是由四类对象构成的，它们都是表象。第一类由“现实对象”组成，如桌椅木石之类；第二类是些概念以及由这些概念组合而成的判断；第三类是时间和空间；第四类是人类行为。 这四类对象的存在都必定有...
評分注：不知道谁解析的，作为一个小参考吧！ 《四重根》的基本主张是，平常的世界是由四类对象构成的，它们都是表象。第一类由“现实对象”组成，如桌椅木石之类；第二类是些概念以及由这些概念组合而成的判断；第三类是时间和空间；第四类是人类行为。 这四类对象的存在都必定有...
評分现象世界的通行法则，认识机制的矫正手术。 存在律、因果律、动机律、认识律。知性、理性、纯粹感性、自我意识。原因、理由、必然性。无机物、植物、动物、人。原因、刺激、动机。直观表象、判断力、概念。经验、先验、超验、逻辑、超逻辑。宗教启示。时间与算数、空间与几何。...
評分充足根据律：任何事物之所以存在而不是不存在的理由。 1. 主体的第一类客体—— 直观的、完整的、经验的实在对象。 以因果律为依据的生成的充足根据律（知性）—— 物理必然性。 2. 主体的第二类客体——概念：从直观表象中派生出来的抽象表象。 以理性为依据的认识的充足根据...
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