Immanuel Kant was one of the most influential philosophers in the whole of Europe, who changed Western thought with his examinations of reason and the nature of reality. In these writings he investigates human progress, civilization, morality and why, to be truly enlightened, we must all have the freedom and courage to use our own intellect. Throughout history, some books have changed the world. They have transformed the way we see ourselves - and each other. They have inspired debate, dissent, war and revolution. They have enlightened, outraged, provoked and comforted. They have enriched lives - and destroyed them. Now Penguin brings you the works of the great thinkers, pioneers, radicals and visionaries whose ideas shook civilization and helped make us who we are.
从现在的角度看,康德的启蒙观念异常温和。他甚至对腓特烈大帝"你们随便思辨但最后还是要服从"的理念表现出某种程度的欣赏和认同。或许是出于知识分子特有的谨小慎微心理,他特意将理性的运用分为"公开运用"和"私人运用"两种情况。前者指个人以学者身份从学理层面对各种理论展...
评分从现在的角度看,康德的启蒙观念异常温和。他甚至对腓特烈大帝"你们随便思辨但最后还是要服从"的理念表现出某种程度的欣赏和认同。或许是出于知识分子特有的谨小慎微心理,他特意将理性的运用分为"公开运用"和"私人运用"两种情况。前者指个人以学者身份从学理层面对各种理论展...
评分从现在的角度看,康德的启蒙观念异常温和。他甚至对腓特烈大帝"你们随便思辨但最后还是要服从"的理念表现出某种程度的欣赏和认同。或许是出于知识分子特有的谨小慎微心理,他特意将理性的运用分为"公开运用"和"私人运用"两种情况。前者指个人以学者身份从学理层面对各种理论展...
评分从现在的角度看,康德的启蒙观念异常温和。他甚至对腓特烈大帝"你们随便思辨但最后还是要服从"的理念表现出某种程度的欣赏和认同。或许是出于知识分子特有的谨小慎微心理,他特意将理性的运用分为"公开运用"和"私人运用"两种情况。前者指个人以学者身份从学理层面对各种理论展...
评分从现在的角度看,康德的启蒙观念异常温和。他甚至对腓特烈大帝"你们随便思辨但最后还是要服从"的理念表现出某种程度的欣赏和认同。或许是出于知识分子特有的谨小慎微心理,他特意将理性的运用分为"公开运用"和"私人运用"两种情况。前者指个人以学者身份从学理层面对各种理论展...
偶像的偶像
评分表意明确,论证充分,且十分聪明地符合时代与政府要求。Enlightenment is man's emergence from his self-imposed nonage. Nonage is the inability to use one's own understanding without another's guidance. This nonage is self-imposed if its cause lies not in lack of understanding but in indecision and lack of courage to use one's own mind without another's guidance.
评分偶像的偶像
评分表意明确,论证充分,且十分聪明地符合时代与政府要求。Enlightenment is man's emergence from his self-imposed nonage. Nonage is the inability to use one's own understanding without another's guidance. This nonage is self-imposed if its cause lies not in lack of understanding but in indecision and lack of courage to use one's own mind without another's guidance.
评分康德說,所謂啓蒙運動就是人們完成獨立思考的過程。人們總是聽從別人的指導,因為這樣最輕鬆卻也最懶惰,慢慢的人們也就習慣了obey,但失去了獨立思考的能力。public use of reason as a scholar.
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