The Structure of Scientific Revolutions pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025
American historian and philosopher of science, a leading contributor to the change of focus in the philosophy and sociology of science in the 1960s. Thomas Samuel Kuhn was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. He received a doctorate in theoretical physics from Harvard University in 1949. But he later shifted his interest to the history and philosophy of science, which he taught at Harvard, the University of California at Berkeley, Princeton University, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
In 1962, Kuhn published The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, which depicted the development of the basic natural sciences in an innovative way. According to Kuhn, the sciences do not uniformly progress strictly by scientific method. Rather, there are two fundamentally different phases of scientific development in the sciences. In the first phase, scientists work within a paradigm (set of accepted beliefs). When the foundation of the paradigm weakens and new theories and scientific methods begin to replace it, the next phase of scientific discovery takes place. Kuhn believes that scientific progress—that is, progress from one paradigm to another—has no logical reasoning. Kuhn's theory has triggered widespread, controversial discussion across many scientific disciplines.
- 科学哲学
- 哲学
- 科学史
- science
- 历史
- 科学
- 英文版
- 科学人文
A good book may have the power to change the way we see the world, but a great book actually becomes part of our daily consciousness, pervading our thinking to the point that we take it for granted, and we forget how provocative and challenging its ideas once were—and still are. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions is that kind of book. When it was first published in 1962, it was a landmark event in the history and philosophy of science. Fifty years later, it still has many lessons to teach.
With The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Kuhn challenged long-standing linear notions of scientific progress, arguing that transformative ideas don’t arise from the day-to-day, gradual process of experimentation and data accumulation but that the revolutions in science, those breakthrough moments that disrupt accepted thinking and offer unanticipated ideas, occur outside of “normal science,” as he called it. Though Kuhn was writing when physics ruled the sciences, his ideas on how scientific revolutions bring order to the anomalies that amass over time in research experiments are still instructive in our biotech age.
This new edition of Kuhn’s essential work in the history of science includes an insightful introduction by Ian Hacking, which clarifies terms popularized by Kuhn, including paradigm and incommensurability, and applies Kuhn’s ideas to the science of today. Usefully keyed to the separate sections of the book, Hacking’s introduction provides important background information as well as a contemporary context. Newly designed, with an expanded index, this edition will be eagerly welcomed by the next generation of readers seeking to understand the history of our perspectives on science.
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读后感
我总在思考这样一个问题：当科学发展到能够解释万物，人性应当何去何从？这本书给了我一个不算答案的答案：根本无需思考这个问题，因为做科学的始终是人。 ——好吧，以上是我的脑洞。 大部分论及科学及其结构的著作，大多从逻辑结构出发，并由此推导出科学为何如此的结论。...
评分上一次认真读科学哲学，应该是十多年前的事情了，那时候还在大学。喜欢科学哲学，则更早，应该是中学。中学的时候，我们年级喜欢科学哲学的不只我一个，有那么一个小团体，被爱因斯坦的相对论以及玻尔的量子力学所吸引，看到了简洁美，也看到争论背后的玄妙。说小团体，其实不...
评分庫恩在該書中提出了一個重要的中心觀念，即所謂“典範”（paradigm）。Paradigm的觀念是庫恩從維特根斯坦的wittgenstein那裡借來的。 根據庫恩的理論，一切科學革命都必然要基本上牽涉到所謂“典範”的改變。簡單的說，“典範”可以有廣義狹義二義： 廣義指一門科學研究中的全...
评分庫恩在該書中提出了一個重要的中心觀念，即所謂“典範”（paradigm）。Paradigm的觀念是庫恩從維特根斯坦的wittgenstein那裡借來的。 根據庫恩的理論，一切科學革命都必然要基本上牽涉到所謂“典範”的改變。簡單的說，“典範”可以有廣義狹義二義： 廣義指一門科學研究中的全...
评分【摘要】此文为T.S.的《科学革命的结构》发表50周年之际，加拿大哲学家I.哈金(Ian Hacking)为其第4版撰写的《导读》，旨在既介绍当年此书发表时所引发的效应和争论，也对半个世纪后的今天，如何看待它所提出的问题和存在的影响作出评论。因此，这一"导读"兼具导读和评论的双重...
用户评价
即使一些观点已经过时或者并不正确，还是一本必须读的书。
评分A rough but powerful scientific philosophy, it pulls sciences down from the superior altar, indicating sciences is delicate but still volatile outcome of human perception and mind structure/ Paradigm do matters
评分开始的步步坚定到最后一章全面围攻，关于科学神秘客观又直线进步的神秘面纱被整个扯下，只留着一个“不知道目标的进化过程”稍可安慰。不可通约性需要小心界定，以及要读读polanyi看看两个人说的有多像了。
评分A rough but powerful scientific philosophy, it pulls sciences down from the superior altar, indicating sciences is delicate but still volatile outcome of human perception and mind structure/ Paradigm do matters
评分so good
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