Madness and Civilization 在線電子書 圖書標籤: Foucault 哲學 Philosophy 福柯 社會學 曆史 History 瘋癲與文明
發表於2024-12-23
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評分Once you realize we are all mad, life starts to make sense. 非一句玩笑話而已。
評分Foucault's work challenges the the usual way we think of madness and society, through his desperately romantic language, he revealed a constructed history of insanity. Madness is non-being; it is both reason and unreason, dreams and reality, lies and truth; it negates and reproduces. A truly intellectually stimulating and enjoyable reading.
評分abridged
評分剛讀起來吃力但好在內容有趣後來又不巧著瞭他的邪道就乾柴烈火欲罷不能的一篇一篇看完瞭。正好在論文前期準備和劇本改稿便秘這段心裏經期開始瞭福柯。那種熱血激情的澎湃那種一句話不用上十萬八韆個從句決不罷休畫上句號的倔勁兒都是他的可愛之處。內容上又能以史為鑒看似說瘋論癲實則含沙射影當下所謂文明社會。一邊是海水。深度思考。一麵是火焰。激昂文字。所以被深深吸引大概也是情有可原。
米歇爾・福柯,20世紀極富挑戰性和反叛性的法國思想傢。青年時期就學於巴黎高等師範學校,以後曾擔任多所大學的教職。1970年起任法蘭西學院思想係統史教授,直至逝世。 福柯振奮多多數研究緻力於考察具體的曆史,由此開掘齣眾多富有衝擊力的思想主題,從而激烈地批判現代理性話語;同時,福柯的行文風格具有鮮明的文學色彩,講究修辭,飽含激情,這也是他在歐美世界産生巨大影響的一個重要原因。
This was Michel Foucault's first major book, written while he was the Director of the Maison de France in Sweden. It examines ideas, practices, institutions, art and literature relating to madness in Western history.
Foucault begins his history in the Middle Ages, noting the social and physical exclusion of lepers. He argues that with the gradual disappearance of leprosy, madness came to occupy this excluded position. The ship of fools in the 15th century is a literary version of one such exclusionary practice, the practice of sending mad people away in ships. However, during the Renaissance, madness was regarded as an all-abundant phenomena because humans could not come close to the Reason of God. As Cervantes' Don Quixote, all humans are ridiculous weak to desires and dissimulation. Therefore, the insane, understood as one who has come too close to God's Reason, was accepted in the middle of society. It is not before the 17th century, in a movement which Foucault famously describes as the Great Confinement, that "unreasonable" members of the population systematically were locked away and institutionalised. In the 18th century, madness came to be seen as the obverse of Reason, that is, as having lost what made them human and become animal-like and therefore treated as such. It is not before 19th century that madness became mental illness that should be cured, e.g. Freud. Later it was demonstrated that the large increase in confinement did not happen in 17th but in the 19th century, somewhat undermining his argument.
Foucault also argues that madness during Renaissance had the power to signify the limits of social order and to point to a deeper truth. This was silenced by the Reason of Enlightenment. He also examines the rise of modern scientific and "humanitarian" treatments of the insane, notably at the hands of Philippe Pinel and Samuel Tuke. He claims that these modern treatments were in fact no less controlling than previous methods. Tuke's country retreat for the mad consisted of punishing the madmen until they gave up their commitment to madness. Similarly, Pinel's treatment of the mad amounted to an extended aversion therapy, including such treatments as freezing showers and use of a straitjacket. In Foucault's view, this treatment amounted to repeated brutality until the pattern of judgment and punishment was internalized by the patient.
何尔德林患精神病三十六年,这个黑格尔最好的朋友患病后被黑格尔所抛弃,原因很简单,他是主张理性至上的,一个丧失了理性的人,在他看来,等于死亡。理性与非理性的对立,由此可见一斑。 《疯颠与文明》给我打开了这样一扇窗:我们所知道的文明史不过是一场理性对非理性的胜利...
評分 評分 評分福柯于1961年发表的博士论文《疯癫和文明》是他的第一部著作,由此开始他关于理性与系谱学的探索。在这部书中他向我们指出:我们现有的关于疯癫的知识都是理性的噪音,真正的疯癫在缄默。本文是该书的学习笔记,旨在综述福柯关于理性、非理性与疯癫的关系、疯癫的话语与权力的...
評分本书与其说是疯癫的历史,不如说是人性的历史。 疯人,从古至今,其都属于被抛弃的一类人。疯癫如何形成,原因纷繁复杂,但与道德无关。前几个世纪的人总认为疯人的发疯与其道德感的丧失联系密切,把他/她们归为道德沦丧之流。 “理性”的人会把疯人当作...
Madness and Civilization 在線電子書 pdf 下載 txt下載 epub 下載 mobi 下載 2024