米歇爾・福柯,20世紀極富挑戰性和反叛性的法國思想傢。青年時期就學於巴黎高等師範學校,以後曾擔任多所大學的教職。1970年起任法蘭西學院思想係統史教授,直至逝世。 福柯振奮多多數研究緻力於考察具體的曆史,由此開掘齣眾多富有衝擊力的思想主題,從而激烈地批判現代理性話語;同時,福柯的行文風格具有鮮明的文學色彩,講究修辭,飽含激情,這也是他在歐美世界産生巨大影響的一個重要原因。
This was Michel Foucault's first major book, written while he was the Director of the Maison de France in Sweden. It examines ideas, practices, institutions, art and literature relating to madness in Western history.
Foucault begins his history in the Middle Ages, noting the social and physical exclusion of lepers. He argues that with the gradual disappearance of leprosy, madness came to occupy this excluded position. The ship of fools in the 15th century is a literary version of one such exclusionary practice, the practice of sending mad people away in ships. However, during the Renaissance, madness was regarded as an all-abundant phenomena because humans could not come close to the Reason of God. As Cervantes' Don Quixote, all humans are ridiculous weak to desires and dissimulation. Therefore, the insane, understood as one who has come too close to God's Reason, was accepted in the middle of society. It is not before the 17th century, in a movement which Foucault famously describes as the Great Confinement, that "unreasonable" members of the population systematically were locked away and institutionalised. In the 18th century, madness came to be seen as the obverse of Reason, that is, as having lost what made them human and become animal-like and therefore treated as such. It is not before 19th century that madness became mental illness that should be cured, e.g. Freud. Later it was demonstrated that the large increase in confinement did not happen in 17th but in the 19th century, somewhat undermining his argument.
Foucault also argues that madness during Renaissance had the power to signify the limits of social order and to point to a deeper truth. This was silenced by the Reason of Enlightenment. He also examines the rise of modern scientific and "humanitarian" treatments of the insane, notably at the hands of Philippe Pinel and Samuel Tuke. He claims that these modern treatments were in fact no less controlling than previous methods. Tuke's country retreat for the mad consisted of punishing the madmen until they gave up their commitment to madness. Similarly, Pinel's treatment of the mad amounted to an extended aversion therapy, including such treatments as freezing showers and use of a straitjacket. In Foucault's view, this treatment amounted to repeated brutality until the pattern of judgment and punishment was internalized by the patient.
“疯癫不是一种自然现象,而是一种文明产物。”米歇尔•福柯如是说。 作为一种社会现象,在我们意识到这一切是如何发生以前,疯癫已被贴上羞耻的劣等的疾病标签,遭到健全理智主宰的现代世界的无情驱逐,于理性之光无法照耀的永夜,沉默着悲欢。而文化现象中的疯癫,却如尼...
評分何尔德林患精神病三十六年,这个黑格尔最好的朋友患病后被黑格尔所抛弃,原因很简单,他是主张理性至上的,一个丧失了理性的人,在他看来,等于死亡。理性与非理性的对立,由此可见一斑。 《疯颠与文明》给我打开了这样一扇窗:我们所知道的文明史不过是一场理性对非理性的胜利...
評分请参见[http://art.ifeng.com/2015/0821/2483137.shtml] 很有意思 转给大家瞅瞅~ 包括folly 戈雅 丢勒 博斯 还有细节图 我其实就是在凑字数而已 P9 福柯认为,虽然麻风病人被排斥,但他们的存在是对上帝的一个可靠证明,因为这是上帝愤怒和恩宠的一个表征。”在勃鲁盖尔(B...
評分flipped through...
评分第九章醫生在精神病院裏建立傢庭結構,通過樹立父親權威進行“道德治療”,把病人控製在一個責任係統和對自己無休止的審判中,希望病人通過承認自己客體地位成為一個負責的主體。看得人脊柱發涼。。。
评分Foucault's work challenges the the usual way we think of madness and society, through his desperately romantic language, he revealed a constructed history of insanity. Madness is non-being; it is both reason and unreason, dreams and reality, lies and truth; it negates and reproduces. A truly intellectually stimulating and enjoyable reading.
评分看完整個人都中二瞭。
评分knowledge creates a milieu of abstract relationships: "the infirmities of wisdom". 如此可見福柯是靠材料說話的。他思想有極其強大的中氣和滲透力,我以為是因為早期材料對他的訓練有極強的grounding (vs. Derrida hardens
本站所有內容均為互聯網搜索引擎提供的公開搜索信息,本站不存儲任何數據與內容,任何內容與數據均與本站無關,如有需要請聯繫相關搜索引擎包括但不限於百度,google,bing,sogou 等
© 2025 qciss.net All Rights Reserved. 小哈圖書下載中心 版权所有