The Oxford Philosophical Texts series consists of authoritative teaching editions of canonical texts in the history of philosophy from the ancient world down to modern times. Each volume provides a clear, well laid out text together with a comprehensive introduction by a leading specialist, providing the student with detailed critical guidance on the intellectual context of the work and the structure and philosophical importance of the main arguments. Endnotes are supplied which provide further commentary on the arguments and explain unfamiliar references and terminology, and a full bibliography and index are also included. The series aims to build up a definitive corpus of key texts in the Western philosophical tradition, which will form a reliable and enduring resource for students and teachers alike. John Stuart Mill's Utilitarianism is one of the most important, controversial, and suggestive works of moral philosophy ever written. Mill defends the view that all human action should produce the greatest happiness overall, and that happiness itself is to be understood as consisting in higher and lower pleasures. This volume uses the 1871 edition of the text, the last to be published in Mill's lifetime. The text is preceded by a comprehensive introduction assessing Mill's philosophy and the alternatives to utilitarianism, and discussing some of the specific issues Mill raises in Utilitarianism. This volume also includes an analysis of the text, substantial endnotes, suggestions for further reading, and a full bibliography.
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一、四个问题的阐述 （一）功利主义的基本含义 穆勒在阐述功利主义的基本含义之前，对行为对错的标准问题及为何要阐述功利主义含义问题做了论述。他认为对行为对错的标准究竟是什么这一问题上，学界虽然争议不断却始终没有取得多少实质性的进展。但这并不损害功利主义伦理学说...
評分 評分通过对穆勒《功利主义》论证内容的整理，本文试图发现穆勒之功利主义学说试图回应的一些伦理学上的重要问题，从而更好地认识穆勒的功利主义思想在伦理学脉络下的地位。 本文认为，穆勒试图回应的基本问题，亦是伦理学中的最基本命题：“什么是善？”而同时，穆勒还需要回应两个...
評分 評分“在功利主义者看来，这个终极目的既然是全部人类行为的目的，就必然也是道德的标准，因此道德标准可以定义为这样一些人类行为的规则和戒律。 ” 波兰斯基在《导论：作为实践科学的伦理学》一文中提到：“文艺复兴之后的近代伦理学标志性地放弃了确定‘何为最好生活’的主题，...
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